﻿708 SUMMARY OF THE CONTENTS. 



C. The Lower Tapes-banks and the Scrobicularia Clay. 



Pp. 491 — 522. The Lower Tapes-banks of the Kristiania 



Region. 



Even from the uppermost to the Iowest of the iipper tapes- 

 banks, the chaiacter of the fauna has changed in a not altog- 

 ether unimportant degree. Thus some of the arctic forms, 

 survivors from the mya-banks (e. g. pecten islandicus, tridonta 

 horealis, panopæa norvegica, etc), are at present known in 

 the uppermost of the upper tapes-banks only; and some of 

 these arctic forms seem even at that time to have disappeared 

 from the Kristiania Fjord. Moreover even at that time several 

 southern, lusitanic forms must also have been extinct, as they 

 are never found in the lower tapes-banks. Among these may 

 be especially mentioned pholas candida and tapes decussatus. 



On the other hand, a great number of lusitanic forms are 

 first known in the lower of the upper tapes-banks, or at any 

 rate are first more generally distributed here. 



It thus seems that the climate during the time of the depo- 

 sition of the upper banks has also been growing continually 

 milder. This mild climate as shown from the study of the lower 

 postglacial shell-banks and clay-beds, has probably also conti- 

 nued during the last phase of the rise of the land. From this 

 last part of the uplift, corresponding to 85 — 100 °/oo of the total 

 uplift, there are also a considerable number of littoral shell-banks 

 all over the Kristiania region. 



On p. 492, a list of the (13) occurrences studied is given. 

 The several occurrences are described on pp. 492 — 522. 



The occurrences at Barholmen near Drøbak (pp. 493 — 500) 

 the banks at Barkevik (studied by Øyen, pp. 501 — 509) and the 

 banks at Brevik (pp. 509 — 522; studied by Miinster), are of 

 special interest. 



A comparison between the upper and the lower tapes-banks 

 at Barholmen is given on pp. 498—500; the relations of both 

 banks are summed up in the foUowing table. 



