44 Messrs. Embleton and Atthey on the 



illaries and laciymals ; extending backwards they become 

 rapidly broader, and cease posteriorly in an obliquely running 

 zigzag line of suture, which unites them, from within out- 

 wards, to the postorbitals, the supratemporals, and the quad- 

 rate jugals. The external borders of this upper surface of the 

 maxillary part of the cranium are formed largely by these 

 bones, and are completed in front by the maxillaries and pre- 

 maxillaries, and behind by the bones next to be noticed. 



The qxiadrate jugals^ oblong in shape, complete the pos- 

 terior three inches of the external, somewhat convex border of 

 the maxillary part of the cranium ; they articulate by their 

 anterior ends with the malar, and by their internal edges, also 

 convex, with the supratemporal, a small portion of this line 

 of suture being reserved at the back part for connexion with 

 the quadrates, together with which they form the great pos- 

 terior external angle of the skull. 



The supratemporals are much larger than the quadrate 

 jugals, and are of an irregular oblong shape ; they are bounded 

 in front by the postorbitals and malars, externally by the 

 malars and quadrate jugals ; and posteriorly they overlap the 

 quadrates. On their inner side they are opposed, first and in 

 front, to the postorbitals, then to the squamous bones, and 

 form, as before said, the greater part of the floor of the tem- 

 poral fossa?, where they overlap considerably the quadrates. 



The quadrate bones form only a narrow slip of the inner 

 side of the floor of the temporal fossa?, and stretch as a rather 

 narrow and irregular border outwards and backwards to join 

 the quadrate jugals ; these form the extreme external angle 

 of the skull. 



The quadrates enter more largely into the formation of the 

 under surface of the skull, and there, at the external angle, 

 form the condyles for articulation with the mandible, and will 

 be further described with the rest of the under surface. 



II. Under surface of Skull (Plate V.). — The dimensions 

 are here the same as those of the upper surface. The whole of 

 the alveolar border of the left maxilla is wanting, except about 

 two inches of the posterior end ; and there are therefore on this 

 side no maxillary teeth remaining. The right maxilla is very 

 nearly perfect. The whole of the middle and posterior part 

 of the palate is much depressed, except along the median line, 

 where, for four inches from the posterior edge of the palate, 

 exists a narrow ridge, formed apparently of the basal part of 

 the presphenoid and perhaps of the vomer ; from this ridge 

 the palate-bones on each side have been broken off and pressed 

 down to a lower level. At the beginning of the posterior 

 third of this ridge there is an oblique fracture through the 



