380 Miscellaneous. 



doubled (42), and when retracted the posterior extremity of the 

 intermaxillary process extends to the vertical through the centre of 

 the pupil. The nasals are very prominent, and the nostrils are 

 nearer to the orbit than to the extremity of the jaw. 



The orbit is circular, its diameter ('OS) one third the length of 

 the head. The origin of the dorsal is slightly behind that of the 

 ventrals, its distance from the snout ('31) twice the length of its 

 base ("16). The dorsal spines are graduated nearly in the propor- 

 tion I. = -02, II.—12, III. = -11, IV.—10, V.=-09, VL=-085, 

 VII. = -0725, VIII. =*05, IX. = -04. The notch between the spinous 

 and soft portions is very deep, and the connecting membrane barely 

 perceptible. In the soft dorsal the fifth ray is the longest ( # 09) and 

 equals the fifth spine, the succeeding rays diminishing regularly to 

 the last, which equals the ultimate spine ( 04) ; the length of its 

 base ('20) is greater than that of the spinous dorsal. The anal 

 begins behind the centre of the body ('50) ; the first spine is very 

 short (*01), one fifth the length (-05) of the second, which is slender ; 

 the first ray is the longest ("08), the succeeding rays regularly 

 diminishing in length to the last (/03). The; lobes of the caudal are 

 equal, the outer rays in length (*21) five times the inner ones ( - 04). 

 The extremity of the pectoral reaches the vertical from the last 

 dorsal spine ; its distance jfrom the snout at the axilla ( - 25) is nearly 

 equal to the height of the body. The ventral spine resembles the 

 fifth dorsal spine in shape and size; the length of the longest ray 

 (•11) slightly exceeds one third of the distance from the snout to 

 the ventral axilla ('30) ; the axillary appendage consists of four 

 lanceolate scales, the first and longest as long as the last ventral 

 ray. 



Colour silvery, with a bluish tint above ; axils of the pectorals 

 and extremity of snout brownish. 



Radial formula:— D. IX. 10. A. II. 8. P. 12. V. I. 5. 



\J. Oj «J, Oy O* 



The unit of measurement used above is one hundredth of the 

 total length, which in an average specimen is 7-2!J inches (M. 

 0-185). The species is common in the protected inlets about the 

 islands in company with the " shad " (Diajpterus gula), from which 

 it is distinguished by the name " long-boned shad ; " they are in 

 demand for bait, and are easily seized in large quantities. I take 

 pleasure in dedicating the species to his Excellency Major-Gcneral 

 J. H. Lefroy, F.H.S., Governor of the Bermudas, who, while doing 

 so mucli for the social and political welfare of the islands, is taking 

 an active part in adding to our knowledge of their natural history. 



2. Engraulis choerostomus, sp. n. 



This species closely resembles Engraulis surinamensis (Blkr.) Gthr., 

 differing from it, however, in several respects. 



The height of the body (-16) is a little more than two thirds of 

 the length of the head, and is contained six times in the total length 

 and a little more than four times in the length to end of middle 



