14 Miscellaneous. 
“the heart gives off branches in front and at the sides.” M. 
Blanchard figures four pairs of pnewmo-cardiac vessels, which bring 
the blood from the lungs to the heart, and three pairs of arteries 
issuing from the heart. There exists only two pairs of pneumo- 
cardiac vessels, or pulmonary veins; these are constituted by pro- 
longations of the pericardium. ‘Those of the anterior pair collect 
the blood from the anterior lungs and open into the pericardium 
opposite the anterior apertures of the heart ; those of the posterior 
pair receive the blood from the posterior lungs and discharge at the 
level of the intermediate apertures. Further back many pro- 
longations of the pericardium are seen, but these only form ligaments 
uniting the heart to the dorsal integument. 
As for the vessels which carry the blood away from the heart, 
we may distinguish the following. At the level of the median 
cardiac apertures there arises, on the inferior face of the heart, a 
pair of large lateral arteries which ramify abundantly and irrigate 
the anterior portion of the abdomen. At their origin they are 
separated one from the other by two hypocardiac ligaments. Below 
the posterior apertures there arise, like the foregoing, two other 
lateral arteries of rather narrow diameter, and, between the bases 
of these, there detaches itself from the heart a capacious trunk 
which takes a vertical direction. It soon gives rise behind to a 
branch which I consider as corresponding to the caudal artery of 
the other Arancida; then, having reached the upper surface of the 
intestine, near the posterior portion of the rectal sac, this large 
artery divides into two branches, which pass one to the right and 
the other to the left of the alimentary canal, and ramify in order to 
bathe the posterior region of the abdomen.— Comptes Rendus, 
t. exvi. no. 16 (April 17, 1893), pp. 828-830. 
On further Evidences of Deuterosaurus and Rhopalodon from 
the Permian Rocks of Russia. By H. G. Sertey, F.RS. 
The author endeavours to separate the Labyrinthodont remains, 
distinguished by having teeth anchylosed to the jaw, from such as 
belong to animals having a Theriodont type of dentition. The 
genera founded upon cranial fragments which show the Theriodont 
type are Deuterosaurus, Rhopalodon, and Dinosawrus. The skull in 
Deuterosaurus is described from new materials, which make known 
the structure of the palate and other cranial structures. The palate 
is of Plesiosaurian type. The back of the skull is a vertical plate, and 
the brain-cavity rises in a long vertical tubular mass to the parietal 
foramen, The quadrate bones descend below the foramen magnum 
in a way that is best compared with Plesiosaurs. 
The articular end of the lower jaw is identified among bones 
figured by von Meyer. 
The skull of Ahopalodon is nearly complete, and has a general 
resemblance to the skull of the South-African Dicynodont Ptycho- 
gnathus, The orbit is defended with a sclerotic circle of bones. 
Whereasin Deuterosaurus there is only one molar tooth, in Rhopalodon 
there are apparently eight molar teeth, which have the posterior 
edge finely serrated. 
