28 



Breeding Range: East European Turkey. [Also Asia Minor and 

 the Caucasus.] 



Robson found nests in the forest of Belgrade, near Constantinople, 

 and in Asia Minor it is not uncommon locally, both in the plains and in 

 the hills, nesting in the olive and pomegranate woods (Kriiper). The 

 breeding season begins early in May, and full clutches have been taken near 

 Smyrna from May 8 to early in June. The number of eggs varies from 

 4 to 7. They are rather dark coloured, and 42 eggs average 30X23.07 mm., 

 Max. 33 X 24 and 30.2 x 24.5 mm., Min. 26 X 22 mm. 



[In north Africa three forms of Jay are found: G. glandariiis minor 

 Verr. {G. oenops Whit.) from parts of the Maroccan Atlas and south Algeria; 

 G. glandarius whitakeri Hart, from north Marocco, Tangier, etc., and 

 G. glandarius cervicalis Bp. from the cork -oak woods of north Algeria. 

 Eggs of the last named race are figured in the J. /'. 0. 1896, Taf. VI, fig. 5. 

 Average of 12 eggs (Konig 3 and 9 by the author) 31.8 X 22.9 mm., 

 Max. 33.5 x 23.5 and 32.5 x 24 mm., Min. 30 x 22 mm. Two eggs weighed 

 480 and 550 mg. (Konig). Breeding season, early May. 



In western Asia besides G. g. krynicki, another race, G. g. atricapillus 

 Geoff, is found in Palestine and Syria. Tristram describes it as common 

 in olive groves from Lebanon to Hebron and in the forests of Gilead and 

 Bashan. It is an early breeder, and young were found hatched in April, 

 An egg from Tyre measures 32 x 22.6 mm. East of the Urals, G. g. brandtii 

 Eversm. is the resident form. An egg taken on May 11 measures 

 30.5x22.4 mm. 



10. Silberian Jay, Perisoreus infaustus (L.). 

 Plate 7, fig. 7, 8, 10, 12 (Muonio, 15. IV. 89), 9, 11 (Lapland), 13 (Lap- 

 land, 19. VI. 89). 



Eggs: Baedeker, Tab. 77, fig. 5. Bree, Birds of Europe, Ed. I, I, pi. 

 Ootheca WoUeyana, Tab. XIII, fig. 1—16. 



Foreign Names: Bohemia: Sojka zlovestna. Denmark: Lavskrige. 

 Finland: Kuusanka, Kuukkeli, Kukkainen, HepJiorakka, Kuuskilainen. Ger- 

 many: VnglUckshdher, BotschwanzhdJier, sibirischer Hciher. Hungary: Eszaki 

 szajkb. Lapland: Kuossak, Kuoska. Norway: Gjertrudsfugl, Ulykkesfugl, 

 Lavskrike, Rofiihre. Poland: Sbjka zlounroga. Russia: Mousta. Sweden: 

 Lafskrika, Telltpixa, Rodtjuxa. 



Perisoreus infaustus (L.). Dresser, Birds of Europe, IV, p. 471; Man. 

 of Pal. Birds, p. 410. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 34. 



Breeding Range: Scandinavia, the Baltic provinces and north of 

 Russia. 



In Norway this birds breeds commonly in East Finmark up to the 

 limit of the pine region, and more sparingly in the Tromso and Trondhjem 



