63 



100 eggs from Great Britain average 15.97 X 12.2 mm., Max. Measure- 

 17.5X12.3 and 16x13.2 mm., Min. 14.3X10.5 and 15.3x10 mm. ^ents. 

 A dwarf egg measures 13.5 X 10.3 mm. (R. H. Read). Average weight of 

 16 eggs 73 mg. 5 full eggs average 1.315 g. (Foster). 



e. Iceland Redpoll, C. flammea islaiidica (Hantzseh). 



(Recently described by Hantzseh as a separate race in his Beitr. z. 

 Kenntn. d. Vogelwelt Islands, p. 300. Resident in Iceland, where they nest 

 in the scrub, 2 to 6 ft. from the ground, during the first half of June, and 

 lay 5 — 6 eggs. Average size of 9 eggs, 17.73X12.59 mm.. Max. 18.4x13 mm., 

 Min. 17 X 12.6 and 17.1 X 12.4 mm. Average weight 65 mg. Full eggs 

 vary from 1.5 to 1.6 g. (Hantzseh). Possibly C. hornemanni also breeds 

 on the island. Cf. Zool 1901, p. 407.) 



34. Cones' or Hoary Redi)oll, Carduelis hornemanni exilipes (Cones). 



Linota exilipes (Coues). Dresser, Birds of Europe, IV, p. 51; id. Man. 

 Pal. Birds, p. 317. Acanthis hornemanni exilipes (Coues). Hai-tert, Vog. 

 Pal. Fauna, p. 81. 



Breeding Range: Lapland and northern Russia. [Also Arctic Siberia 

 and America.] 



Apparently this species is somewhat irregular in its breeding range 

 in northern Europe. H. J, Pearson met with no other form in Russian 

 Lapland in 1905, and found it abundant near Lutni; on subsequent journeys 

 however only Mealy Redpolls were met with, except in 1903 near the 

 Tuloma, when two were shot. Witherby's examples from this district 

 were C. flammea. Seebohm obtained specimens of both species from the 

 Lower Petschora up to lat. 714". Pearson describes the nests and eggs 

 as indistinguishable from those of the Mealy Redpoll. 



Eggs 4 — 6 in number, and much incubated on June 20. 9 authentic 

 eggs in H. J. Pearson's collection average 17.35 X 12.91 mm., Max. 

 18X12.7 and 17.3X13.2 mm., Min. 16.5X13.1 and 18x12.4 mm. 



Geographical Races. 



a. Greenland Redpoll, C. hornemanni hornemanni (Holb.). 



Eggs: Seebohm, Brit. Birds, pi. 12; id. Col. Fig., pi. 57. 



Linota hornemanni Holb. Dresser, Birds of Europe, IV, p. 55; id. 

 Man. Pal. Birds, p. 317. Acanthis hornemanni hornemanni (Holb.). Hartert, 

 Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 81. 



Breeding Range: Spitzbergen, Jan Mayen; perhaps also in Iceland. 

 [In Greenland to lat. 73°, etc.] 



