109 



and 18.5 X 13.5 mm. Hartert mentions an egg 22.5 X 17 (Greece, Kriiper). 

 Average weight of 28 eggs, 138 mg. (Rey); of 17 eggs, 136 mg. (Reiser). 



53. Rock Bunting, Emberiza cia L. 



Plate 13, fig. 23 — 26 (Basses Alpes, France). 



Eggs: Thienemann, Fortpfl., Tab. XXXII, fig. 6, a— b. Baedeker, 

 Tab. 3, fig. 6. 



Foreign Names: France: Bniant foil or des pres. Germany: Zip- 

 ammer. Greece: Tsichldni ton Boimou. Hungary: Bajszos sdrmany. Italy: 

 Zigolo muciatto. Portugal: Trigueirdo. Russia: Oornaya ovsjmika. Spain: 

 Escribdno, dp -dp. 



Emberiza cia L. Dresser, Birds of Europe, IV, p. 205; id. Man. Pal. 

 Birds, p. 368. E. cia cia L. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 183. 



Breeding Range: The countries bordering on the Mediterranean, 

 penetrating northward to Switzerland, S. W. Germany and part of Austro- 

 Hungary. [Also Asia Minor, Syria, and the Atlas range.] Has occurred 

 once in Sussex, Bidl B. 0. C. XIII, p. 28 (1903). 



In Spain and Portugal this species is not uncommon on the slopes Con- 

 of the sierras, breeding near the patches of cultivated ground and vineyards 

 on the hillsides. It is also found in the Pyrenees commonly to about 

 3600 ft. and exceptionally up to 5100 ft. in Andorra, and also in many 

 of the more hilly parts of southern and eastern France, and is generally 

 distributed tlu'oughout the mountainous districts of Switzerland up to about 

 4000 ft. In Italy it breeds in the Alps and Apennines, as well as in the 

 mountains of Sicily; but in Germany it appears to be chiefly confined to 

 the valleys of the Neckar and the Rhine to the Drachenfels, the Eifel, and 

 near Neuenburg. In Austro -Hungary a few pairs breed sporadically in 

 Moravia, Lower Austria, Salzburg, Styria, and on the N. slopes of the 

 Transylvanian Alps. In the Balkan peninsula it occurs not uncommonly 

 in the mountains of Bosnia, Herzegovina and Montenegro up to 4200 ft., 

 and has also been met with in the Balkans; it is also a tolerably common 

 resident in the higher mountains of the south of the peninsula, where its 

 simple song is to be heard in the still fir woods (Kriiper). In the hiU 

 districts of the Crimea and Caucasus, as well as Asia Minor, it is not 

 rare, and a few are found in the Lebanon, while some remain to breed in 

 the Atlas range. 



Usually placed on rocky ground among stones and rough grass, Nest. 

 sometimes, as in the Rhine valley, among the tangled growth on the 

 stone walls which separate the vineyards, and occasionally low down in 

 some small bush. It is composed of moss, edelweiss leaves, grasses, roots. 



tinental 

 Europe. 



