117 



very similar, but are perhaps slightly larger. Two clutches of 5 eggs from 

 Transcaspia were taken on May 15 and 20. Average size of 11 eggs 

 (1 by Rey and 10 by the witer) 20.16 X 14.3 mm., Max. 21 X 15.5 and 

 20 X 16.1 mm., Min. 19.5 X 15 and 20 X 14.8 mm. 



Geographical Races. 



a. E. pyrrhuloides pyrrhiiloides Pall. See above, 

 b. E. pyrrhuloides reiseri Hart. 



E. pyrrhuloides reiseri Hart. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 199. 



Breeding Range: Thessaly (Lamia, Volo) where it is apparently 



resident, 



c. E. pyrrhiiloides palustris Sari. 



E. pyrrhuloides palustris Savi. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 199. 



Breeding Range: Italy, only during the breeding season in the 

 north, but resident in Tuscany, S. Italy and Sicily; also in the south of 

 France and in E. Spain. 



Arrigoni describes the eggs as rather larger than those of E. schoeniclus, 

 paler and more blue in tint. 



[Other forms inhabit E. Turkestan, the Saissan Nor, etc.] 



58. Lapland Bunting, Calcarius lapponicus (L.). 



Plate 14, fig. 22—26 (Lapland). 



Eggs: Thienemann, Fortpfl., Tab. XXXII, fig. 12, a— e. Hewitson, 

 m. Ed. I, pi. XLVI, fig. 1, 2. Baedeker, Tab. 3, fig. 2. Seebohm, Br. Birds, 

 pi. 15; id. Col. Fig., pi. 57. Newton, Ootheca WoUeyana, Tab. XI, fig. 19—24. 



Foreign Names: Bohemia: Strnad laponski. Denmark: Laplands 

 Verling. Finland: Lapinsirkku. France: Plectrophane lapon. Germany: 

 Lerchen-Spornmnmer. Helgoland: Berg-SeiUing. Holland: Ijsgors. Iceland: 

 Solskrikia. Italy: Ziyolo di Lapponia. Lapland: Vdrri-cicds. Norway: 

 Laplands Spurv. Poland: Posivierka sponiasta. Russia: Panocka. Sweden: 

 Lappsparf. 



Plectrophanes lappo7iiciis (L.). Newton, ed. Yarrell, II, p. 15; Dresser, 

 Birds of Europe, IV, p. 253. Calcarius lapponicus (L.). Dresser, Man. 

 Pal. Birds, p. 373; Saunders, Man., p. 223. Calcarius lapponica lapponica (L,). 

 Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 200. 



Breeding Range: N. Scandinavia, Lapland, Kolguev, Wa'igatz, Novaya 

 Zemlya and the Arctic coast of Russia. [Also Arctic Siberia and N. America, 

 Greenland.] 



In Norway this species is found breeding not only on the islands and Con- 

 cloudberry covered moorlands of Finmark, but also in the upland swamps 

 of the Dovrefjeld as far south as lat. 62°. In Sweden it is however only 



tinental 

 Europe. 



