223 



Breeding Range: Continental Europe, from the limit of conifers 

 to the Mediterranean, excepting the Iberian Peninsula. 



This race is pretty generally distributed over the greater part of con- 

 the Continent wherever coniferous or mixed woods are to be found. In „"*" " 



rjUrope. 



Norway its northern limit appears to be lat. 67" N. on the AV. coast, 

 but in E. Finmark it has been recorded from Vadso (lat. 70°), and ranges 

 up to about 68° in Swedish Lapland. In Russia it is found in Finland 

 as far as the limits of coniferous woods, and is common in the Olonetz 

 government, but becomes scarcer in that of Vologda, although recorded 

 from the Urals by Sabanaeff. In southern Europe it has not been found 

 breeding S. of the Pyrenees, although not uncommon in some parts of 

 that range. In Italy it is chiefly an inhabitant of the mountains, but 

 is said to be found in Sicily ; while in the Balkan peninsula it is doubtful 

 whether it ever breeds in Greece, but it is resident in the mountain forests 

 of Macedonia and Albania. In S. Russia its range extends to the Crimea 

 and the Caucasus. [Formerly it was believed to occur in Algeria, but 

 recent records are wanting: it is however found in Asia Minor.] 



Does not dififer from that of R. r. anglorum, and like it, is placed ^est. 

 by preference in a fir, less often in a juniper or other evergreen bush. 

 It is not uncommon to find nests built year after year in the same tree, 

 sometimes on the same bough. 



As already described, varying in number from 7 or 8 to 12. In E?gs. 

 central Europe there are two broods, the first eggs being laid about the IH^^ 

 end of April and the second brood late in June, but in the N. the 

 breeding season does not begin till May. 



Average size of 107 eggs (51 measured by Rey, 47 by Bau and Measure- 

 9 by the writer), 13.42 X 10.12 mm., Max. 14.2 X 11, Min. 12.1 X 9.7 »"«"*«• 

 and 12.3x9.2 mm. Average weight, 40 mg. (Rey); 38 mg. (Bau). 



e. Corsiean Crolderest, R. regulas interni Hart. 



R. regidus interni Hart. Hartert, Vog. Pal. Fauna, p. 396. 

 Breeding Range: Corsica and Sardinia. 



In Corsica it is fairly common in the mountain forests (Whitehead), 

 but is apparently scarce in Sardinia. 



[In the Western group of the Canaries is found the Tenerife Gold- 

 crest, R. regulus teneriffae Seeb. The eggs are figured in the ./. f. 0., 

 1890, Tab. VIII, fig. 9 ; Cat. Eggs Br. Mus., IV, pi. XIV, fig. 10, and 

 Dresser, pi. — , fig. 3. The nest is found in Erica arhorea as well as 

 in pine woods. Eggs, 5 — 8 in number and like those of the other 

 races. Average size of 30 eggs (27 by the writer and 3 by Kutter) 

 13.78X10.66 mm., Max. 14.7x10.2 and 14.2x11.5, Min. 13x10.6 



