307 



Tab. 51, fig. 9. Taczanowski, Tab. XLIX, fig. 2. Seebohm, Br. Birds, 

 pi. 10; id. Col. Fig. pi. 52. Frohawk, Br. Birds, I, pi. II, fig. 32—34. 

 Cat. Eggs B. Mus.; IV, pi. VIII, fig. 11. Dresser, pi. — , fig. 1—3. 

 Howard. Br. Warblers, pi. Ill, fig. 25—36. Nest: O. Lee, II, p. 62. 



British Local Names: Peggy, Nettle Creeper, Splitstr aw. Welsh: 

 Llwydfron. Foreign Names: Bohemia: Penice popelavd. Denmark: 

 Tornsanger. Finland: Harmaakerttu. France: Babillard grisette. Ger- 

 many: Dorn-Orasmilcke. Greece: Tsirobdkos. Holland: Orasmusch. 

 Hungary: Mezei poszdta Italy: Sterpazzola. Norway: Oraasdnger. 

 Poland: Pokrzywka popielata. Russia: Sawinicha. Sweden: Tornsmygg. 

 Spain: Pinzoleta. 



Sylvia riifa (Bodd.) Newton, ed. Yarrell, I, p. 406. Dresser, B. of Eu- 

 rope, II, p. 377. S. cinerea Lath. Id. Man. Pal. Birds, p. 74. S. cinerea 

 Bechst. Saunders, Man. p. 41. 8. communis communis Lath. Hartert, 

 Vog. Pal. Pauna, p. 586. 



Breeding Range: The British Isles; Europe, except N. Scandi- 

 navia and N. Russia. [Also N. W. Africa and Asia Minor.] 



Next to the Willow Warbler this is by far the commonest and Bdtish 

 most generally distributed of our British Warblers, and is found through- 

 out England and Wales, except on the high moorlands and mountains. 

 In Scotland it is also common and has extended its range of late years. 

 On the E. side it is found in fair numbers in suitable localities in the 

 Moray area, and ranges at least to the Dornoch Firth and is thinly 

 distributed along the E. coast of Sutherland; while on the W. side it 

 haunts the valleys of W. Ross. It breeds on Skye and in many of the 

 Inner Hebrides, and was first recorded with certainty as breeding in 

 the Outer Hebrides (Barra) in 1900. In Ireland it is very plentiful and 

 general. 



The northern limit extends in Norway to about lat. 65", and in t'o"- 

 Sweden to about lat. 62% and on the fjeld the Whitethroat ranges as i,;„,J,,e_ 

 high as the conifer limit. It inhabits S. and Mid-Finland to Ijo and 

 Kuopio, and eastwards breeds near Archangelsk and up to about lat. 

 63" N. in the Urals. The limits of this race and S. c. icterops in S. E. 

 Russia are not easy to define, but the E. form certainly replaces this 

 in Transcaucasia. In the Balkan, Italian, and Iberian peninsulas it is 

 found breeding to the extreme south locally; it also nests in Sardinia, 

 Sicily, and possibly in Corsica and Cyprus. Over central Europe it is 

 generally distributed and in the Alps is found commonly up to 3600 ft., 

 and exceptionally to 5400 ft. [It breeds also in N. Algeria and Tunisia 

 (Whitaker); and it is common in Asia Minor.] 



Generally placed quite low down, often almost touching the ground ^est. 



12* 



