30 Mr. C, T. Regan on the 



separate family or subfamily would merely obscure its 

 relationships *. 



Some ot the more typical genera are grouped in the 

 following list : — Opsariichthys, Chela; Barilius, Bola, Aspi- 

 doparicij Danio, Nematabramis, Rashora, Luciosoma, Nui'ia, 

 Amhlypharyngodon, Aspius, Scombrocypris^ Chanodichtliys, 

 PelecuSj Culler; Ilypophthalmichthys ; Leuciscus, Sqaalio- 

 harbus, Xenccypris, Ctenopharyngodon^ Chondrostoma^ Ortho- 

 don, Campostoma, Hyhognathus, Cochlognathu.i, Hybopsis, 

 Kxoglossum ; Albiirnus, Ahramis j Sendplotus ; Hhodeus, 

 Acanthorhodeus, Achilognathus; Cgprinus, Carassius, BarbuSj 

 Cosmochilus, Leptobarbus, Rohteichthys, Osteobrama, Varico- 

 rhhius, Ggmnostomus, Psilorhynchus, Scaphiodon, Thynn- 

 ichthys, Albulichthys, Labeo, Barbichthys, Dangila, Cirrhina, 

 Oateochilus, Catla, Crossochilus, DiscognathuSj Gyrinochilus, 

 Tinea, Aulopyge, RhynchocypriSj Pseudorasbora ; Lucio- 

 brama ; Oreinus, SchizothoraXj Biptychus, Gymnocyprisj 

 Ptychobarbus, Schizopygopsis ; Hemibarbus, Acanthogobio, 

 Gobio, Pseudogobio, Leucogobio, Ehinogobi'o, Saurogobio. 



Family 3. Cobitidse. 



Prtemaxillaries excluding maxillaries from gape ; three 

 pairs of barbels or more. Pharyngeal teeth uniserial, often 

 rather numerous, on the inner and posterior edges of sub- 

 triaiigular laminar expansions of the piiaryngeal bones, which 

 are scarcely falciform ; pharyngeal processes of basioccipital 

 sometimes very small, sometimes larger and meeting below 

 the aorta, but never united and not supporting a horny pad. 

 [Subtemporal fossse shallow ; a lateral occipital foramen on 

 each side of the foramen magnum. Praiorbital and sub- 

 orbitals unossified. Cleithra normally suspended from supra- 

 cieithra. Posterior part of air-bladder small or vestigial ; 

 anterior part enclosed in a bony capsule, produced outwards 

 on each side into an expansion with terminal oritice, connected 

 by a duct with the skin above the pectoral tin ; anterior wall 

 ot lateral expansion of air-bladder capsule formed by the 

 transverse process of the second vertebra. 



The numerous species of this family are chiefly inhabitants 

 of mountain streams in tropical and temperate Asia. Three 

 s{)ecies are European and one is found in Abyssinia. 



* Since writing the above I note that Mile. Popta (Notes Leyden 

 Mus. xxvii. 1906, p. 122) has described from Borneo Paracrossoc/iilus 

 bicornis a lish in many ways nearer to Gyrinochilus than either Crosao- 

 chiltis or Uiscognathus, the lips folding in a similar manner when the 

 mouth is shut. 



