60 Mr. F. A. Bather— Suggested 
tainty of occurrence ; instead, therefore, it will be necessary 
to use a brace, or even a simple rule, placed above the 
symbols of those brachials that are included in the cup. Thus 
11 Br would indicate the secundibrachs, while conveying the 
additional information that they were fixed. 
In cases where some only of the free brachial series bear 
pinnules, it would be well to apply the Latin terminology to 
those brachials without pinnules, whether free or fixed, and 
the Greek to thosewith pinnules. Thus, I-II Br. IIIBr.8St, 
indicates that both primibrachs and secundibrachs are fixed, 
that the tertiobrachs are free but do not bear pinnules, that 
the next series of arm-ossicles are free and bear pinnules, and 
that there are eight free arms to a ray. The best way of 
representing the number of ossicles in each series will be 
discussed presently. 
If the term “ Free brachials” be used in the sense here 
ascribed to it, it can no longer be applied to the distal un- 
branched ends of the arms. If it is really necessary to have 
a special term for these ossicles, the word “ finials”? may be 
appropriately conveyed from architectural terminology. ‘The 
word “ terminals ” already has its special use in Echinoderm 
morphology. ‘The symbol for finials may be f when they do 
not bear pinnules, and # when they do. In all formule the 
last or nght-hand term of the brachial series should always 
be understood as applying to the finials, so that there will 
rarely be any need to use the special symbol f For the 
same reason it seems unnecessary to have different terms to 
express pinnulate and non-pinnulate finials, although, strictly 
speaking, non-pinnulate finials are homologous only with the 
last pinnule borne by the finials of a pinnulate arm. 
_ Another difficulty arises with regard to the word “ axil- 
lary.” As has been pointed out, each pinnuliferous brachial 
is morphologically an axillary, Consequently, if the morpho- 
logical terminology be followed, supposing that the ossicle on 
which a pinnulate arm first branches be the primaxil, then 
the two ossicles that this supports are the secundaxils; and 
if there are six distichals the sixth will be the septimaxil. 
The septimaxil then, in this case, is the same as the distichal, 
axillary. It will therefore be convenient to distinguish those 
axillaries on which a pinnulate arm itself branches as “ main- 
axils;”” and instead of alluding to them individually as 
“ monostichal axillary,” “ distichal axillary,” and so on, they 
may: be spoken of as “ first mainaxil,’”’ “second mainaxil,” 
and so on; or they might possibly be called ‘ monaxil,” 
“ distaxil,” tetraxil,”’ ‘ octaxil,” &c. In the symbols, the 
mainaxils may be distinguished from the simple axillaries by- 
