Miscellancous. 185 
are neither synchronous nor homologous with those of the chroma- 
tophore. The cause of the active movement of the chromatophore 
resides exclusively in the radial fibres. This is directly demon- 
strable by means of a crucial experiment. 
If we completely destroy the centre of a chromatophore with a 
needle, so as to leave only the periphery intact, the movements of 
expansion and contraction continue to take place in this intact 
portion. If, on the other hand, we destroy the radial fibres by a 
circular lesion, leaving the cell intact, the movements are completely 
abolished. It is, on the contrary, the central or coloured portion of 
the chromatophore which, by the influence of its elasticity, exercises 
the active role in the stage of contraction. his elasticity is easily 
displayed; a gentle pressure on the centre of a chromatophore is 
sufficient to flatten it and spread it out; but assoon as the pressure 
is removed the organ resumes its spherical shape. 
To sum up our results: the chromatophore of the Cephalopods is 
an elastic pigmented sphere, the expansive movements of which are - 
determined by the contraction of muscles arranged radially at its 
equator, and which reverts to the spherical shape as soon as the 
contraction has ceased.— Comptes Renddus, t. cxiii. no. 16 (Oct. 19,, 
1891), pp. 510-512. 
On the Anatomy of the Male Seaual Organs of the Honey-Bee. 
By G. Koscurwnikorr, Assistant in the University of Moscow. 
In my investigations into the structure of the male sexual appa- 
ratus of the honey-bee I arrived at the following results. 
All existing figures and descriptions of the male sexual apparatus 
of the honey-bee in zoological and apicultural literature are either 
incomplete or incorrect. The testis of the bee has two envelopes. 
The external one, formed by the fat-body, has two kinds of cells— 
(1) large and flat, with elongated flattened nuclei; (2) irregularly 
spherical, which are entirely similar to the cells of the fat-body con- 
taining fat-globules. The second inner envelope is of the nature of 
connective tissue, and two layers are to be distinguished in it. In 
the outer layer we find large cells with oval nuclei, and the inner 
layer is finely fibrillar, with spindle-shaped nuclei. 
The seminal tubules are surrounded by a delicate fibrillar enve- 
lope, containing elongated nuclei, and open into a reservoir in the 
interior of the testis, which is clothed with epithelium. This epi- 
thelium enters slightly into the orifice of each separate seminal 
tubule. 
The trachece, which everywhere penetrate the testicular enve- 
lopes, ramify in the interior of the testis between the several seminal 
tubules. The belief (Cholodkowsky) that in butterflies there are no 
trachex within the testis is erroneous. 
The entire testis of the bee corresponds to only a section of the 
testis of such a type as, e. g., nm Bombyx mort. The reservoir, into 
which all seminal tubules open, is enveloped in a thick membrane 
Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser. 6. Vol. ix. 1433 
