Bibliographical Notice. 285 
We are conscious that these few and imperfect remarks are 
far from doing justice to the merits of Dr. Gray. For more 
than fifty years he occupied a position in the first rank of the 
naturalists of this country, and both in his capacity as Director 
of the chief zoological collection in Britain and by his personal 
exertions in various ways, he exercised a widespread influence. 
He was always ready to facilitate the study of the splendid 
collections under his charge, and to give advice and assistance 
to earnest students; and whilst it must be admitted that the 
shrewdness of his character, which led him to penetrate the 
hidden motives of men, coupled with an acquired or natural 
causticity of manner, often raised a prejudice against him, 
those who succeeded in getting within the outworks thus 
raised, found in Dr. Gray a warm-hearted, judicious, kind, and 
firm friend. 
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE. 
Zoology. By A.rrep Newron, M.A., F.R.S. Sm. 8vo. London, 
1874. Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. 
The Students Guide to Zoology, a Manual of the Principles of 
Zoological Science. By Anprew Whitson. Sm. 8vo. London: 
J. & A. Churchill, 1874. 
We have already, on more than one occasion, noticed the great 
fertility of the present day in zoological manuals. Up to within a very 
few years the student had the choice of two or three English books 
on the subject, and that was all; now his difficulties must arise 
solely from an embarras de richesses, seeing that the number and 
variety of the manuals offered for his selection is so great that he 
ought to be able to suit himself perfectly, if only he knows how to 
choose. 
The two little handbooks of which the titles stand at the head 
of this article do not profess to furnish a regular system of zoology; 
they are devoted to the exposition of the principles of the science, or, in 
other words, the generalization of the results obtained by zoological 
investigation, to form a basis for future studies. The first of them, 
by Professor Alfred Newton, is one of a series of shilling ‘ Manuals 
of Elementary Science’ published by the Society for Promoting 
Christian Knowledge ; and it reflects high credit both on its 
author and on the Society under whose auspices it has been produced. 
The leading branches of zoological study are explained very simply 
and clearly, and from a really zoological stand-point, by Prof. 
Newton, whose lessons might, we think, be taken to heart with 
advantage by many modern naturalists, who would be offended if we 
made this recommendation to them personally. Starting from a 
very ingenious comparison between the animal world and a bag of 
coins, Professor Newton indicates the general principles by which 
Ann. & Mag. N. Hist. Ser.4. Vol. xv. 
