Distribution of ‘Temnocephala chilensis. 337 
which is always found living ectoparasitically on the bodies 
of freshwater crustaceans) ; but none of them being still ad- 
herent to the integument of their “chum,” and it consequently 
appearing to me just possible that they might have been 
detached from some other animal previously received from 
Chili in the same jar, I deemed it the wiser course to wait 
for more conclusive evidence of so interesting a distributional 
fact. 
I have since received from my friend Mr. W. Guyes Brittan, 
of Christchurch, New Zealand, an abundant supply of each of 
two species of crayfish, from the rivers Avon and Waimakiriri 
respectively, two or three individuals of each of which have 
great numbers of this Trematode still affixed to the smooth 
intervals between the spines, both of the carapace and of the 
chelipeds. ‘The occurrence of Temnocephala in New Zealand 
is thus established. 
In their present shrunken condition, the little creatures 
closely resemble a split pea, with the tentacles projecting, 
fringe-like, from a portion of the circumference, and range 
from 1 to 4 or 5 millims. in diameter. 
Dr. R. A. Philippi, who gives (in ‘Archiv fiir Naturgesch.’ 
1870, vol. xxxvi. pp. 35-40, pl. 1. figs. 1-6) some details of its 
structure, states that he himself found it in Chili on a species 
of Aiglea, and on no other river-prawn. Dr. C. Semper, who 
met with it in the Philippines on various species of freshwater 
crabs, in an interesting and full account (in ‘ Zeitschr. fiir wiss. 
Zool.’ 1872, vol. xxi. pp. 807-310, pl. xxiii.) of its anatomical 
structure, shows conclusively that its true position is amongst 
the Trematodes, and not amongst the Leeches, as was supposed 
by Blanchard and Moquin-Tandon. 
Calcutta, March 5, 1875. 
P.S.—Since the above was written, I have received the 
zoological collections made by Major Godwin-Austen during 
the expedition against the Daflas (as certain of the wild 
Mongoloid inhabitants of the north-east frontier of India are 
called), and found a single specimen of Temnocephala chilensis 
in a bottle containing, besides numerous land animals of various 
groups, two fishes, to one of which it had in all probability 
been attached. 
Indian Museum, Calcutta, 
March 19, 1875. 
