348 On a new Gall-producing Anguillulide. 
Bauer, Davaine*, and Bastian have made interesting ob- 
servations as to the mode in which the Anguillule of the 
wheat get into the flowers of Triticum vulgare, Vill. Bauer 
sowed grains of wheat into the furrows of which he had 
introduced young individuals of Angucllula tritict, and found, 
by examining the plants from time to time, that the Anguil- 
lulz: ascended to the ears in the interior of the straw. Davaine, 
on the contrary, asserts that the Anguillulee creep from without 
into the innermost sheath of leaves which surrounds the 
erowing ear, and then penetrate mto the extremely delicate 
parenchyma of the flowers at a time when all the parts of the 
flower exist as rudiments in the form of scales. Bastian, who 
successfully repeated Bauer’s inoculation experiments, confirms 
Davaine’s observations, which also agree with the opinions 
expressed by Dr. Kiihn as to the mode of lite of Anguillula 
dipsact. 
The Anguillula discovered by me producing galls upon the 
milfoil belongs to the genus 7’ylenchus, established by Bastian, 
and characterized by him as follows t:—“ Body naked, tapering 
at the two extremities; extremity of tail without a sucking- 
papilla; integument with extremely fine transverse striz ; in 
the pharynx a protrusible spear with a trilobed base ; ceso- 
phagus globularly dilated in the middle; intestine indistinct, 
covered with coarse, colourless fat-granules; vulva consider- 
ably behind the middle of the body; uterus unsymmetrical ; 
the two spicula of the penis united to the posterior accessory 
piece; caudal alee in the males not supported by rays; move- 
ments sluggish.” ‘To this genus Bastian refers, besides three 
species (7. Davainti, terricola, and obtusus) established by 
him, 7. tritic?, Roffredi, of the wheat, 7. dipsacz, Kiihn, of the 
teasel, and the grass-Anguillule (7. agrostidis and phalaridis, 
Steinb.), which Steimbuch} found in pouch-lke galls in the 
flowers of Agrostis sylvatica, Huds., and Phalaris phleoides, 
Linn.§ It is probable that the producers of the galls found 
by Frauenfeld|| upon the leaves of Gnaphalium Leontopodium, 
* Davaine, ‘Recherehes sur !Anguillula du blé niellé,’ Paris, 1857, 
L. iii. fig. 12. 
cP (Dr. Low seems to have modified Mr. Bastian’s generic character, as 
this, although marked as a quotation, differs in some points from the 
description in Linn. Trans. vol. xxv. p. 125,—Eb. 
¢ ‘Der Naturforscher,’ 28. Stiick (1799), pp. 258 & 255. Diesing, in 
his ‘Systema Helminthum,’ ii. p. 152, has described as a single species, 
under the name of Anguillula graminearum, the three species A. trict, 
agrostidis, and phalaridis. 
§ Agrostis sylvatica, Huds., is synonymous with Agrostis polymorpha, 
Huds.; and Phalaris phleoides, Linn., with Phlewm Bohmert, Wibel. 
|| ‘Verhandl. zool.-bot. Gesellsch. in Wien,’ Bd. xxii. p. 397. 
