﻿Miscellaneous. 
  441 
  

  

  MISCELLANEOUS. 
  

  

  Results 
  of 
  recent 
  Investigations 
  upon 
  the 
  Organization 
  of 
  the 
  Nebalise 
  

   and 
  the 
  Systematic 
  Position 
  of 
  the 
  Leptostraea. 
  By 
  Prof. 
  C. 
  Claus. 
  

  

  Among 
  the 
  Nebalice 
  belonging 
  to 
  the 
  same 
  species 
  we 
  have 
  to 
  

   distinguish 
  the 
  following 
  forms: 
  (a) 
  sexually 
  mature 
  males, 
  re- 
  

   cognizable 
  by 
  the 
  slender, 
  elongated 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  body, 
  the 
  long 
  

   furcal 
  joints, 
  tufted 
  flagella 
  on 
  the 
  anterior 
  antenna;, 
  and 
  much 
  

   elongated 
  flagella 
  on 
  the 
  second 
  pair 
  of 
  antenna? 
  ; 
  (6) 
  pregnant 
  

   females, 
  with 
  fans 
  of 
  seta? 
  on 
  the 
  terminal 
  joints 
  of 
  each 
  thoracic 
  

   limb 
  ; 
  (c) 
  sexually 
  mature 
  females 
  and 
  younger 
  females 
  of 
  different 
  

   sizes, 
  with 
  a 
  coating 
  of 
  short 
  seta? 
  upon 
  the 
  terminal 
  joints 
  of 
  the 
  

   thoracic 
  limbs 
  ; 
  (d) 
  young 
  males 
  of 
  different 
  sizes, 
  recognizable 
  by 
  

   the 
  shortly 
  annulated 
  flagellar 
  joints 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  antenna); 
  and 
  

   (e) 
  larva) 
  with 
  three-jointed 
  antennal 
  flagella 
  and 
  the 
  fourth 
  pair 
  of 
  

   pleopoda 
  still 
  simple. 
  

  

  The 
  northern 
  form, 
  described 
  as 
  N. 
  bipes, 
  0. 
  Fabr., 
  is 
  a 
  variety, 
  

   distinguished 
  by 
  the 
  greater 
  dimensions 
  of 
  its 
  body 
  and 
  the 
  richer 
  

   articulations 
  of 
  its 
  antennal 
  flagella, 
  of 
  the 
  Adriatic, 
  Mediterranean, 
  

   and 
  Atlantic 
  Nebalice, 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  Nebalice 
  of 
  the 
  cast 
  coast 
  of 
  

   North 
  America 
  also 
  belong. 
  The 
  Nebalice 
  of 
  the 
  coasts 
  of 
  Chili 
  

   and 
  Japan 
  (as 
  also 
  the 
  New-Zealand 
  species 
  described 
  as 
  N. 
  longi- 
  

   cornis) 
  present 
  such 
  small 
  and 
  unimportant 
  peculiarities 
  that 
  they 
  

   may 
  more 
  properly 
  be 
  regarded 
  as 
  varieties 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  species 
  than 
  

   as 
  distinct 
  species. 
  

  

  The 
  so-called 
  rostral 
  plate 
  represents 
  a 
  third 
  piece 
  of 
  the 
  carapace, 
  

   movably 
  separated 
  as 
  a 
  cephalic 
  flap, 
  which 
  covers 
  two 
  rostral 
  pro- 
  

   cesses 
  of 
  the 
  head, 
  and 
  is 
  so 
  connected 
  with 
  these 
  that, 
  when 
  the 
  

   head 
  is 
  raised, 
  the 
  cephalic 
  flap 
  of 
  the 
  carapace 
  is 
  lifted 
  at 
  the 
  

   same 
  time. 
  

  

  The 
  last 
  two 
  segments 
  of 
  the 
  abdomen, 
  together 
  with 
  the 
  

   Branch 
  ipodiform 
  furca, 
  represent 
  the 
  telson 
  of 
  the 
  Malacostraca, 
  

   with 
  which 
  they 
  also 
  have 
  in 
  common 
  the 
  ventral 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  

   anal 
  fissure 
  (on 
  the 
  terminal 
  segment). 
  

  

  The 
  complex 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  cerebrum, 
  which 
  far 
  exceeds 
  that 
  

   of 
  the 
  Bhyllopod 
  cerebrum, 
  like 
  the 
  intimate 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  eye- 
  

   ganglion, 
  indicates 
  affinity 
  to 
  the 
  Malacostraca. 
  The 
  middle-brain, 
  

   with 
  the 
  centres 
  of 
  the 
  olfactory 
  nerves, 
  agrees 
  in 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   the 
  so-called 
  " 
  glomeruli 
  olfactorii 
  *' 
  with 
  the 
  " 
  lobi 
  olfactorii 
  " 
  of 
  the 
  

   Isopoda 
  and 
  rodophthalma. 
  The 
  hind-brain 
  (ganglion 
  of 
  the 
  second 
  

   pair 
  of 
  antenna?) 
  lies 
  on 
  the 
  oesophageal 
  commissure, 
  and 
  possesses 
  

   a 
  slight 
  suboesophageal 
  transverse 
  commissure, 
  which 
  is 
  separated 
  

   from 
  the 
  commissure 
  of 
  the 
  mandibular 
  ganglion. 
  The 
  mandibular 
  

   and 
  maxillary 
  ganglia 
  are 
  well 
  separated 
  (as 
  in 
  Apseudes 
  and 
  

   Sphceroma), 
  as 
  are 
  also 
  the 
  eight 
  ganglia 
  of 
  the 
  thoracic 
  segments. 
  

   In 
  the 
  embryo 
  and 
  larva 
  behind 
  the 
  six 
  abdominal 
  ganglia 
  a 
  

   seventh 
  ganglion 
  is 
  recognizable 
  ; 
  this 
  afterwards 
  becomes 
  retrograde 
  

   and 
  disappears. 
  

  

  