Mr. J. Y. Johnson on new Fishes from Madeira. 75 
but the short palatines (which come into contact in front) bear minute 
teeth, and in a line with them behind are the entopterygoids or 
pterygoids with narrow bands of minute teeth. The rakers of all the 
branchial arches carry similar teeth. On the hinder part of the 
tongue, which is black and free at the tip, there is an ovate patch of 
minute teeth. The mouth is black, as well as the inside of the gill- 
covers. The gill-openings are large, and the gills consist of four 
pairs. The subopercle is thin, scaleless, and striate; it projects 
backwards considerably beyond the operele, which is scaly, with a 
rounded even edge. The margin of the preopercle is concealed in 
the scaly skin. The two orifices of each nostril are small and near 
together. There is a small cuticular tag at the margin of each ori- 
fice. 
The triangular dorsal fin is placed over the space between the 
ventral fins and the vent. There are scales on the membrane be- 
tween the rays. The second and third rays are the longest, and are 
about twice as long as the base of the fin. The first ray is unbranched, 
and is only half as long as the two next. The pectoral fins are 
scaleless, pointed, and longer than the ventral fins. They are in- 
serted in the upper half of the height, and have narrow bases. The 
abdominal ventral fins are distinct, but inserted close together ; they 
are scaly, truncate, and the first two rays are unbranched. At the 
outer angle of the base there is a thin pointed scale. The vent is 
placed in the anterior half of the total length of the fish, and has no 
papilla near it. The anal fin is high throughout, but is higher in 
front than behind. The first three rays are unbranched ; the base 
is scaly, and the fin extends with numerous rays up to the caudal, 
which is represented by two hair-like rays. 
The lateral line is very low down, and commences at the lower 
angle of the subopercle. It follows a straight course until it reaches 
the lower edge of the body, where it is lost. About 170 scales may 
be counted in the length of the body between the opercle and the 
tip of the tail. In the height of the body there are twenty-two 
scales, of which five are below the lateral line. 
The single individual obtained was caught in the month of Feb- 
ruary. It was a female with eggs, which lay in two masses side by 
side, 54 inches long, uncovered with a sac. The caecal stomach was 
small, and contained nothing but a little much-digested matter. 
There were twelve small pyloric ceeca, which increased in length 
backwards. The air-bladder had a delicate silvery coat, and was 
5 inches long. The liver had a length of 1} inch. The intestine 
was straight. The peritoneum was black anteriorly ; posteriorly 
there were patches of black lines on a pale ground. 
The following are the dimensions of the specimen, which is now 
in the British Museum :— 
inches. 
pig ilene thirty twee = steeds ceil a sie.0 5 ofaletae Ore 18-35 
Height between dorsal and ventral.............. 145 
EAN ee Mee nig -p vik Sita s A ajessdia & @anw Rae ian 245 
