M.E. Hesse on the Pranize and Ancei. 405 
Thallus cartilaginous, growing scattered or in larger or smaller 
irregular patches, of a pale brownish olive-colour, consisting of 
moderate-sized, smooth, polished scales, adnate and flattened 
when growing scattered, with a margin more or less deeply in- 
cised, the lobes minute, rounded, entire or crenate ; when grow- 
ing crowded, the scales are convex and gibbous, mere or less 
imbricated, giving a glebulose or coarsely verrucose appearance. 
Apothecia prominently sessile on the scales, small, numerous, 
most generally crowded together, confluent and difformed. 
Disk flattish, roughened, of a very dark brownish black, slightly 
polished. Margin moderately thickened, irregular, and very 
flexuose, prominent, and incurved, of the same colour as the disk 
and slightly polished. Paraphyses conglutinated into a brownish 
mass. Hypothecium dark brown. Asci inconspicuous. Sporidia 
very minute, ellipsoid, simple, hyaline, their number not ascer- 
tained. 
Specimens in my herbarium, on pine-wood bark, from Dr. Th. 
M. Fries and Dr. Wm. Nylander, collected at Upsal, and both 
apparently identified with Fries’s Lich. Suec. 28, have the thalline 
scales of a richer brown colour than our British specimens, but 
correspond in the above characters and microscopical details. 
Not to be confounded with L. ostreata, 8 myrmecina (Ach. & 
Wahl.), from which the convexo-gibbose non-ascending scales 
keep it distinct, nor with L. Caradocensis, Leight., distinguished 
by different sporidia (omitting other characters from both). 
PuaTtE IX. fig. 8. Vertical section of apothecium and thallus. 
fig. 9. Sporidia, magnified 1200 times linear. 
fig. 11. L. Friesii, natural size. 
I would avail myself of the opportunity of stating that Dr. W. 
Nylander informs me by letter (Oct. 1864) that my Opegrapha 
anomala, described and figured in ‘Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist.’ 
Feb. 1857, proves to be identical with Graphis Ruiziana, Fée. 
XLIV.—Memoir on the Pranize and Ancei. 
By M. Everne Hesse*. 
AccorDING to an observation made by the author twelve years 
ago, and communicated by him to the Academy of Sciences in 
1855, the Pranize and Ancei, instead of forming two distinct 
groups of Crustacea, are to be regarded as developmental phases 
of the same form, the Pranize being only Ancei in a larval state. 
On the 29th of August 1852, he obtained from a Gurnard 
(Trigla Hirundo) a Praniza, which, having to leave home for a 
* Abstract from a separate impression of the memoir published in the 
‘Mémoires présentés a l’Académie des Sciences.’ Communicated by the 
Author. 
