2 Prof. R. Kossmann on the Ciyptoniscidje. 



a minute creature which he had found in the cavity of the 

 mantle of Peltogaster, which was discovered by him at the 

 same time, a cirripede parasitic upon hermit-crabs; he 

 reo-arded it as an Amphipod which had been swallowed by 

 the Peltogaster. 



In the same year, in an article on the sexual characters of 

 the Cirripcdia *, Goodsir published his discovery of a similar 

 animal which occurred in Balanus halanoides^ and which the 

 author regarded as tlie male of that cirripede, the herma- 

 phrodite nature of which was not then placed beyond doubt. 



In the course of a dissertation upon Peltogaster, Steenstrupf 

 found occasion to speak of Lirioije, and indicated in a some- 

 what doubtful manner that it might possibly be a Bopyrid 

 living upon Peltogaster. 



In the same year Darwin \ corrected Goodsir's statement, 

 recognizing the latter's supposed male Balanid as a parasite, 

 and, indeed, as belonging to the " loniens," i. e. to the 

 Bopyridge. 



About the same time (text 1852, figure 1S55) Dana§ 

 described under the name of Cryptothir minutus, as the male, 

 a similar parasite from Creusia, and referred it, with Ltriope, 

 to the Tanaid^e. 



Lilljeborg || then (1861) came back upon this Ltriope, and 

 also showed that Liriope was an Isopod, and, indeed, a Bo- 

 pyrid. He succeeded particularly in this, that besides the 

 larviform and excessively minute creatures that Rathke and 

 Dana had found, he also discovered the mature female form 

 of Liriope, and he came to the conclusion that the former 

 were the young males. 



Buchholz^ arrived at a somewhat different conclusion in 

 some respects. Without knowledge of the statements of 

 Goodsir and Darwin, he carefully described anatomically the 

 animal observed by them. He regards the forms found by 

 himself, so far as they look like Liriope, as older larva3, and 



* Goodsir, " On the Sexes, Organs of Reproduction, and Mode of Deve- 

 lopment of the Cirripeds," in Edinb. New Phil. Journ. xxxv. p. SS, pis. iii. 

 and iv. 



t Steenstrnp, " Bemarkuinger om slaegteme Pachyhdella og Peltogaster" 

 in Oversigt af Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl. 1854. 



X Darwin, ' MouogTaph on the Subclass Cirripedia ' (Ray Society), 

 vol. ii. p. 271. 



§ Dana, ' Crustacea in U. S. Exploring Expedition under Commander 

 Wilkes,' vol. ii. p. 801, Atlas, pi. liii. fig. G. 



II Lilljeborg, '■^Liriope et Peltoc/ader^' in Nova Acta Soc. Sci. Upsal. 

 ser. 3, vol. iii. p. 1, and Suppl. p. 73 (see * Annals,' ser. 3, vol. vii. p. 47). 



^ Buchholz, " Ueber Hemioniscus balani," in Zeitschr. fiir wiss. Zool. 

 Ed. x\'i. p. 303. 



