Poly thai ami an from Transylvania. 357 



distinctly visible. It is particularly to be noted that I also 

 found the nucleus in the ninth chamber, and consequently in 

 one of the middle chambers, of the fully developed 16-cham- 

 bered specimen, which agrees with the observations made by 

 F. E. Schulze upon Polystomella striatopunctala^ as that 

 naturalist found the nucleus of the 30-chambered specimens 

 of the Polystomella between the tenth and twentieth chambers, 

 and therefore also in the middle chambers. It may be that 

 other chambers also contain nuclei, but of this I could not 

 convince myself with certainty, 



I was no more successful in ascertaining the structure of 

 the pseudopodia. As the shell, except on the septa, contains 

 no visible pores, the pseudopodia will probably radiate from 

 the four apertures of the last chamber ; but it is not quite 

 impossible that tliey may break through the substance of the 

 shell elsewhere, as is afhrmed of Pleiirophrys helix by Geza 

 Entz, who says : — " From the posterior rounded part of the 

 body pseudopodium-like processes often issue, whicli, as in 

 other Khizopoda, attach the soft body to the sliell ; but in 

 other cases such processes perforate the shell, and project far 

 as rigid fihimcnts. I have frequently also met with the same 

 remarkable phenomenon, /. e. the perforation of the shell by 

 pseudopodia in the freshwater P. sphcerica, in Avhich the 

 pseudopodia radiate, as in an Actinophrys, from the whole 

 surface of the shell ! " * 



As regards the reproduction, I can only state that I fre- 

 quently met with forms such as are regarded by Max 

 tSchultze as the youngest forms of Polystomella striyilata f, 

 and which must have formed part of the developmental series 

 of Entzia. 



Position in the System. 



In order to settle the systematic position of Entzia, I com- 

 pared it with the known Polythalamia; but as all the original 

 works were not within my reach, I depend upon Biitschli's 

 work. 



From the detailed description above given it is clear that, 

 according to the general form of its shell and the arrangement 

 of the chambers, Entzia tetrastomella most closely approaches 

 the subfamily liotalina?, which Butschli characterizes in the 

 following words : — " Shell depressed, spirally coiled, so that 

 on the apical surface all the chambers, on the basal only 

 those of the last whorl, are visible " |. Max Schultze also 



« ' Naturhistorische Hefte,' Bd. i. 4, pp. 190, 191. 

 t Loc. cit. Taf. v. lig-. IG. 

 X Loc. cit. p. 20(j, 



