246 Mr. R. Bullen Newton on some 
that region, but subsequently omitted its occurrence when 
writing his memoir on the geology of the Fayim*. That 
rock contains no other fossils in association, although ac- 
cording to the MS. list the molluscan genera Melania, Plan- 
orbis, and Unio were found in the same series of beds which 
were horizoned as Lower Oligocene or Bartonian. ‘The 
Egyptian fruits are rather rounder than those of the Central 
African rock, being probably more-closely related to those of 
the Oligocene deposits of Britain and Europe. A somewhat 
similar association of organisms occurs in the rocks of the 
Sichel Hills and Nagpur regions of Central India, which are 
recognized as of Uppermost Cretaceous age. Those deposits, 
often highly siliceous or chalcedonic, contain Chara (C. mal- 
colmson’) and freshwater mollusca, and were first noticed by 
Malcolmson f, his fossils being described by J. de C. Sowerby, 
while the material more particularly from the Nagpur country 
was later monographed by Hislop and Hunter}. The 
smaller Gastropods, referred to by these authors under the 
familiar name of Paludina, but belonging to the genera 
Viviparus and Puludestrina, may claim some resemblance to 
the present African specimens, especially to J. de C. Sowerby’s 
Viviparus (Paludina) deceanensis, and the so-called Melania 
huntert of Hislop which is here considered to belong to 
Paludestrina §. ‘These Indian rocks, known as: the Inter- 
trappean beds of the Deccan Trap series, are likewise full of 
a large Physa (P. prinsepit), besides Unioniform and other 
shells, as well as numerous Ostracodiform Crustaceans, all of 
which are entirely absent in the new African material. 
Malcolmson and Sowerby referred such beds to the Tertiary 
period, while Hislop and Hunter recognized them as Lower 
Kocene. Neumayer|| subsequently studied the same Mollusca 
from the writings of the English authors, and pointed out 
their close relationship to forms characterizing the Laramie 
Beds of North America belonging to the topmost Cretaceous ; 
hence to that age he ascribed this extensive formation of 
India, a result which has long been accepted by the Geolo- 
* ‘The Topography and Geology of the Faytim Province of Egypt,’ 
Survey Department, Cairo, 1905. 
+ Trans. Geol. Soc. London, 1840, ser. 2, vol. v. pls. xlvi., xlvii. 
pp. 537-575. 
{ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London, 1860, vol. xvi. pp. 166-176, 
ls. V.—vii. 
i § Quite recently Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen, F.R.S., has urged the 
necessity of a generic revision of these Deccan Trap Mollusca: ‘ Records 
Indian Mus.’ 1919 (October), vol. xvi. part vi. 
| ‘Records Geol. Surv. India,’ 1884, vol. xvii. pp. 87, 88 [ =a trans- 
lation from Neues Jahrb. 1884, vol. i. Briefl. Mitt. pp. 74-76]. 
