External Characters of the Felidse. 119 



these characteristics of the rhinarium observed in the adult 

 c^/ro-coloured specimen from Cordova are less marked *. 



I have only examined the rhinarium in two of the tropical 

 Asiatic species, nameh^ F. viverrina and F.nebulosa. In the 

 former the riiinarium is tolerably similar to that of F.pardalis^ 

 but is relatively smaller and less prominent. In F, nehulusa, 

 on the other hand, it differs but little from the rhinarium of 

 Panthera f described belo\v. 



In the matter of prominence and the great size of the 

 the naked area, Avhen viewed from above, the rhinarium of 

 F. serval (fig. 2, D, E, F) surpasses that of all other species 

 of Felidae. From the dorsal aspect it is broadly cordate. In 

 profile view its mar^^in is rather strongly convex and projects 

 Avell beyond the lips. From the front its superior edge is 

 transverse, with rounded angles ; the portion above the 

 nostrils is high, and the area below them wide, comparatively 

 deep, and not acutely angled inferiorly. The rhinarium, 

 indeed, is an exaggeration of the type seen in F. pardalis. 

 The differences between it and the rhinarium of F. ocreota 

 and sylvestris are particularly worthy of note. 



In an example of F. concolor^ three months old, the 

 rhinarium seen from above exhibits a tolerably extensive 

 naked tract, although not so large as that of F. pardalis. 

 Nor is the rhinarium so convex and prominent in profile 

 view as in that species. Moreover, from the front aspect 

 the area above the nostrils is deeper, that below them is- 

 narrower, and the nostrils themselves are closer together. 



The rhinarium, it may be noted, is not like that of Panthera, 

 but in its general features approaches the rhinarium of the 

 smaller members of the Felidaj. 



In Panthera leo (fig. 4, A, B) the short hair of the muzzle 

 spreads over the summit of the rhinarium practically to its 

 anterior margin, so that there is no naked, area, or at most 

 a very narrow naked, area, visible in front of the hair from 

 the dorsal view. The rhinarium itself is tolerably flat, the 

 median area below the level of the nostrils is narrow and 

 acutely angled inferiorly, and there is no definite lateral 

 infranarial extension, the naked skin forming the lower 

 margin of the nostril being quite smooth and moist like the 

 inside of that orifice, which is large and expanded. 



So far as my observations go, the rhinarium of P. tigris, 



* In the description of F. braccata, Cope records the angulation of the 

 muzzle-hairs in F. jagnarondi (Amer. Nat. xxiii. p. 144, 1889). 



t For the recognition and definition of this jrenus, see Ann. & Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. (8j xviii. pp. 221-229 & 306-316 (1916). 



