406 Prof. M'Intosh on the 



of the east we have the tufted Clava squamata on the littoral 

 Fuci. One of the characteristic zoophytes is SertuJaria oper- 

 culata, which grows in dense tufts on the stems of the tangles. 

 The Siphonophore, Dijjhyes (or Muggima)^ occurs in the 

 inshore waters, moving towards the surface with lively jerks, 

 and dragging its trailing hydrosome with the orange polypites 

 behind it, through a maze of the rich blue Pelagia and the 

 pale or milky Salpje. The abundance of VeleJla is another 

 striking feature of the region, and, indeed, of the western 

 coast-line generally, while the rarer Physalia occasionally is 

 met with in fine condition. FunicuUna for the most part 

 takes the place of Pennatula. 



Tn the creeks and bays the rosy feather-star {Antedon)^ 

 in both pale and dark red varieties, is abundant, clinging by 

 its dorsal arms to the tangles, and moving with considerable 

 rapidity. Between tide-marks Asterias MiiUeri is occasionally 

 procured ; while Ophiuroids and two species of Synaptce 

 abound in the mud, viz. Synapta GalUenni and a new species 

 [S. tenera), found nearly simultaneously with Canon Norman, 

 who got his examples in Shetland, and the symmetry and 

 beauty of the anchor-plates of which are diagnostic. 



Several rare Nemerteans, such as Tetrastemrna Rohertiance 

 and Carinella linearis^ occur between tide-marks ; and of 

 characteristic Annelids Spinther^ Lepidonotus clava^ Nephthys 

 Uombergu, the richly tinted and lively OiyJiiodromus vittatus, 

 Myrianida with its long chain of bright orange buds. Nereis 

 Dumerilii, Oicenia Jiliformis, Travisia Forbesii^ and Triclio- 

 hranchus glacialis. The western shores of England produce 

 the rare Achloe astericola and Panthalis (Erstedi, the latter, 

 however, extending to Shetland ; also a wealth of Terehellce^ 

 especially Terebella vebulosa, Mont., with its commensal 

 Polyno'e scolopendrina^ which here attains a much larger size 

 than in the Channel Islands. 



A prominent feature near low-water mark is the compara- 

 tive abundance of the armed tubes of Pomatocerus triqueter^ 

 a Serpulid whicli covers the under surface of the hard gneiss 

 boulders and wounds the fingers by the sharp anterior spine. 



The most noteworthy crustacean is the large purple 

 swimming-crab [Portunus puher)^ which is frequently found 

 under the broad blades of the tangles in some of the creeks 

 (as at Armaddy) ; and though its carapace is considerably 

 thinner, it is as active in movement and tierce in defence as 

 the shore-crab. Yet it has little of the hardihood of the 

 latter, none surviving a night's confinement in a moist 

 vasculum. Sphceroma is common in the fissures of the gneiss 

 rocks, and rolls itself into a ball — head to tail — when inter- 



