External Characters of Ruminant Artiodactyla. 135 



the time and leisure to discover and define the characters to 

 which specific rank may be assigned. 



Genus Capricornulus, Heude. 

 Capricornulus crispus, Temm. (p. 855). 



Heude separated this species of serow from Capricornis 

 as a distinct genus Capricornulus, which Lydekker and I 

 adopted as a subgenus. But it appears to me that the 

 discovery of the structure of the pedal glands in Cap?'icornis 

 throws a different complexion on the question. 



In 1910 I figured and described the pedal glands of 

 Capricornulus crispus, and pointed out that they resemble 

 in all respects those of N<smorhedus. Moreover, the 

 discovery of the presence of preorbital glands in Ncemo- 

 rhedus (cf. infra) lessens the differences between that genus 

 and Capricornis, and results in the occupation by C. crispus 

 of a position intermediate between the two so far as 

 cutaneous glands are concerned, the pedal glands resembling 

 those of Namorhedus and the preorbital glands those of 

 Capricornis. 



Genus N^emorhedus, H. Smith. 



In 1910 my examination of material of this genus was 

 limited to dried skins of iV. goral and N. raddeanus. Since 

 that date I have seen a fresh adult male example of the 

 former species, which enables me to amplify and, in one 

 particular, to correct my previous observations. 



Namorhedus goral, Hard. (p. 853). 



A male example from Chamba, presented by Major Rodon 

 in 1904, which died Nov. 4th, 1915. 



The preorbital gland was declared to be absent in this 

 genus by Owen, Hodgson, and Ogilby. That statement, 

 which 1 accepted, proves to be untrue, strictly speaking, 

 although the gland is so small as to account for its being 

 overlooked on dried skins or even on fresh material. 

 Externally the gland is marked by a very small patch of 

 nearly naked skin covered with dry scurf-like secretion. 

 There is no invagination of the integument, but beneath 

 the patch of bare epidermis, the dermis is thickened and 

 glandular (fig. 2, E). The gland, although relatively 

 smaller, may be compared in its development to that of 



