284 Mr. E. W. G-udger on (he 



vessel, had got the better of the force of the sails and oars 

 and made the vessel stop." 



We next come to another great ichthyological encyclo- 

 pedist of the Renaissance, Ulyssis Aldrovandi, whose huge 

 folio. ' De Piscihus et de Cetis,' was published in 1613 at 

 Bononiae. This author devotes to the Remora some five 

 pages, which are taken chiefly from Gesner. He discourses 

 at considerable length of the ship-holding power of the 

 Remora, and quotes Aristotle, Pliny, Rondelet. and several 

 others of the authors previously considered in the present 

 paper. However, it seems probable that he never saw the 

 fish — at any rate, a careful translation of his very difficult 

 Latin nowhere reveals any definite statement that he had 

 seen it. However, he does the one good thing of giving us 

 a figure and description which adds materially to our know- 

 ledge. A photographic reproduction of his drawing is given 

 here as fig. 6 (PL XVI.). Note that it is labelled the 

 " Remora of Imperato and the author." Aldrovandi ex- 

 pressly says "... my drawing corresponds with that one's," 

 but his figure looks like an Echeneis, and his description 

 below confirms this idea. He says : — 



" The color of the whole body almost inclines to violet, its 

 sides are glistening, the body is cut into two in the middle 

 by a sub-green line, and its tail verges to blue. There are 

 six fins to the body, three on the belly, two each in the 

 region of the stomach and one at the anus. Likewise there 

 is one on the back, and the tail ends in another .... Its 

 mouth is not unlike a dog's except that the lower jaw projects 

 beyond the upper jaw contrary to that which we see iu the 

 shark. I think that this is a truer figure [than Irn- 

 perato's] " *. 



This description seems to have been made from the fish 

 rather than from the drawing, since the latter does not show 

 the median line. It is to be regretted that Aldrovandi does 

 not give us a definite statement on this point. 



Aldrovandi, in his discussion of the Remora, gives this 

 interesting incident : — " Within the memory of our parents, 

 it is said that the ship of Franciscus Turonensis, the 

 Cardinal, when he was once upon a time going from Gaul 

 by maritime journey into Italy, according to the narrative 

 of Peter Melara of Bologna, a very brave knight and at the 



* For the scholarly translation of Aldrovandi, I am indebted to Mrs. 

 8. P. Ravenel, and to Miss Julia Daineron, associate professor of Latin in 

 the College. Miss Daineron has also been so kind as to help me with a 

 number of the other Latin articles herein referred to. 



