448 External Characters of Ruminant Arllodactyld, 



with age in an interesting manner. Thus in a calf one day- 

 old it is wider than in the adult, being about three-fourths 

 the width of the internarial septum, whereas in a foetus 

 about three months developed the naked area beneath the 

 nostrils is very broad, broader even than in the adult 

 Boselap/ius, giving the rhinarium a strictly bovine appear- 

 ance. This suggests that the bovine type of rhinarium is 

 the primitive type in the Rnminantia '*. 



As I recorded in 1910, inguinal glands and interdigital 

 pedal glands are absent, but the hind feet possess glandular 

 thickenings of the skin surmounted by a fringe of black 

 hairs (fig. 3, A, C) precisely as in Strepsiceros. 



The penis (fig. 2, D, E) of an old male has an elongated, 

 undulating, attenuated terminal portion, much longer than 

 in Boselaphus, and, as in that genus and others belonging to 

 the Tragelaphinse in which this organ has been described, 

 the urethral canal is not produced beyond the tip of the 

 glans. 



The points of interest connected with the characters 

 above enumerated may be summarized as follows : — 



(1) Preorbital gland present Tetraceros, Boselaphus. 



,, „ absent Trayelaphus (Limno- 



truaus), Nyala, Strep- 

 siceros, Taurotragvs. 



(2) Inguinal glands present Trayelaphus {Limno- 



traffus), Strepsiceros 

 (Pal way sin the latter). 



,, ,, absent Tetraceros, Boselaphus, 



Tuurvtragus. 



(3) Glands between posterior false hoofs absent. Trayelaphus (Liinnc- 



trayus). 

 „ „ „ present. 



Consisting of definite pockets within 



false hoofs Tetraceros. 



Consisting of a thickening of the skin 

 only. 

 Thickened skin extending- across fet- 

 lock Boselaphus. 



Thickened skin restricted to area close 

 to false hoofs and surmounted by 



fringe of hairs Nyala, Strejisiceros, 



Tauroiragv s. 



* It may be added that in the foetal specimen above alluded to the 

 facial vibrissas were well developed, consisting of shoit scattered 

 mystacials and submentals, a row of superciliaries and suboculars, an 

 upper and a lower genal tuft arising from the white spots on the cheek 

 and interramals. It is singular that the Artiodactyla and the Carnivora 

 are the only orders of mammals known to me which possess as a primi- 

 tive character two genal tufts — an upper and a lower — on each cheek. 



