46 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1957 



parties from cooperating institutions also conducted excavations in 

 the Missouri Basin. Six of them worked in the Oahe Reservoir area, 

 one in the Glendo Reservoir area in Wyoming, one at the Tuttle 

 Creek Reservoir in Kansas, and one at the Pomme de Terre Reservoir 

 in Missouri. Three of the parties completed their projects during the 

 field season of 1956 and the remaining six were continuing their 1957 

 programs at the end of the fiscal year. 



By June 30, 1956, reservoir areas where archeological surveys had 

 been made or excavations carried on since the start of actual fieldwork 

 by the River Basin Surveys in the summer of 1946 totaled 247 in 28 

 States. In addition, two lock projects and four canal areas had also 

 been examined. As a result of the surveys 4,622 sites had been located 

 and recorded, and of that number 935 have been recommended for 

 examination or limited testing. In using the term "excavation," the 

 complete uncovering of a site is not indicated. Rather it implies 

 digging only about 10 percent of the site. Though many of the 

 locations are of sufficient significance to warrant complete excavation, 

 the needs of the Salvage Program are such that it is not possible to 

 make so extensive an investigation at any one location. Preliminary 

 appraisal reports have been completed for all the reservoir areas sur- 

 veyed with the exception of one that was done late in the year, and 

 that report is well imder way. During the course of the year two 

 such reports were completed and at the end of the year were being 

 mimeographed for distribution to the agencies cooperating in the 

 Inter-Agency Archeological Salvage Program. Since the start of 

 the program 183 such reports have been distributed. In several cases 

 information obtained from a number of reservoir projects falling 

 within a single basin or subbasin have been combined in a single report, 

 and for that reason there is a considerable difference between the num- 

 ber of reservoirs surveyed and that of the reports issued. 



At the end of the fiscal year 350 sites in 47 reservoir basins located 

 in 18 different States had been either partially or extensively dug. 

 In some of the reservoir areas only a single site was excavated, while 

 in others a whole series was studied. At least one example of each 

 type of site recorded by the preliminary surveys had been investi- 

 gated. In the case of some of the larger and more complex types 

 of village remains, it has been necessary to dig a nmnber of some- 

 what similar sites in order to obtain full information concerning 

 that phase of aboriginal culture. Reports on the results obtained in 

 certain of the excavations have appeared in the Smithsonian Mis- 

 cellaneous Collections, in Bulletins of the Bureau of American 

 Ethnology, and in various scientific journals. During the year River 

 Basin Surveys Papers 9-14, which are to be Bulletin 169 of the Bu- 

 reau of American Ethnology, were sent to the printer. The six 

 papers consist of three pertaining to investigations in the Missouri 



