ROMAN GARLAND SARCOPHAGI — WARD PERKINS 467 



11. See note 3, above. 



12. E. Michon, Syria, pp. 295-304, 1921. Commodore Elliott's two sarcophagi 

 are presumably to be identified with Nos. 12 and 13 on Michon's list (from 

 Beirut, present whereabouts unknown) . 



13. Alan Rowe, KSm el-Shukafa (reprint from Bulletin de la Societe royale 

 d'archeologie d'Alexandrie, No. 35) , 1942. 



14. e. g., Breccia, op. cit., pi. XII, figs. 2, 3. 



15. A. L. Pietrogrande, Nuova serie asiatica di urne e di piccoli sarcofagi, 

 Bullettino del Museo dell'Impero Romano, vi, pp. 17-37, 1935 (appendix to 

 Bullettino della Commissione Archeologica del Comune di Roma, lxiii, 1935). 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE 



The pioneer of a broader approach to sarcophagus studies was the late Gerhart 

 Rodenwalt, whose article "Sarkophagprobleme" in Roemische Mitteilungen, 

 vol. 53, pp. 1-26, 1943, sums up his own previous work and is by far the best 

 general statement of the whole problem (Abb. 7 and 8 of this article illustrate 

 a Proconnesian garland sarcophagus from Viminacium on the Danube). An 

 outstanding detailed study, in which a small group of sarcophagi found together 

 in Rome are considered as documents both for the artistic development and for 

 the beliefs of the period, is that of K. Lehman-Hartleben and E. C. Olsen, 

 Dionysiac sarcophagi in Baltimore, 1942, Baltimore; for sarcophagi as docu- 

 ments for the beliefs of their purchasers, see further the works of Franz Cumont, 

 passim, and Jocelyn Toynbee and John Ward Perkins, The shrine of St. Peter, 

 chap. 4 (b), "Beliefs," 1955. As examples of valuable regional and iconographic 

 surveys, one may cite C. R. Morey, The sarcophagus of Claudia Antonia Sabina 

 and the Asiatic sarcophagi, Sardis, vol. 5, p. 1, 1924, Princeton; M. Lawrence, 

 Columnar sarcophagi in the Latin West, Art Bulletin, vol. 10, pp. 1-45, 1927 ; 

 id., The sarcophagi of Ravenna, College Art Association of America, 1945; 

 Fernand Benoit, Sarcophages paleochreliens d' Aries et de Marseille ( supplement 

 & Gallia, V), 1954, the last-named author being one of the few students to have 

 appreciated the vital importance of identifying the source of the material from 

 which a sarcophagus is made. 



Other articles by the present writer on the marble trade in Roman antiquity, 

 the results of which are cited largely in the preceding pages, are Tripolitania 

 and the marble trade, Journal of Roman Studies, vol. 41, pp. 89-104, 1951 (the 

 organization of bulk trade in marble for architectural purposes) ; and The 

 Hippolytus sarcophagus from Trinquetaille, ibid., vol. 46, pp. 10-16, 1956 (the 

 carving and shipment of Attic sarcophagi). 



