20 ANNUAL, REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1923 



ing which she devoted two months to a study of various collections 

 of Oriental art in France, England, and Germany. On February 12, 

 Mr. Bishop, of the gallery staff, left for China, in charge of an ar- 

 cheological expedition sent out under the joint auspices of the Freer 

 Gallery of Art and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Up to the 

 close of the year, Mr. Bishop's chief concern was with matters of 

 organization, which he has now settled very successfully. He also 

 visited several sites of great archeological interest and made observa- 

 tions of importance to the future work of the expedition. 



BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY 



The chief has endeavored to expend in the most economical man- 

 ner the funds appropriated by Congress for " continuing ethnological 

 researches among the American Indians and the natives of Hawaii, 

 etc.," although considerable difficulty has been encountered owing 

 to the greatly increased cost of field work and maintenance. There 

 has been a great awakening of interest in matters concerning the 

 aboriginal inhabitants of America, and never before has there been 

 such a general demand for the published works of the bureau. The 

 great archeological discoveries in Egypt have created a new popular 

 interest in the Science of Man, and the chief is endeavoring to meet 

 this situation by increasing the output of the bureau in the form of 

 popular publications in addition to the usual technical works. The 

 past year's work includes archeological and historical study of the 

 Indians as well as work on documentary history. Somewhat detailed 

 accounts of the various researches carried on during the year are con- 

 tained in the report of the chief of the bureau, Appendix 4 of this 

 report, so that it will here be necessary only to indicate the character 

 and scope of the work. 



From July to September, 1922, the chief completed the excavation 

 and repair of Pipe Shrine House on the Mesa Verde National Park. 

 Colorado, begun the previous year. This exceptional ruin is now 

 open for the inspection of visitors to the park. He also excavated 

 and repaired Far View Tower, an instructive circular ruin with three 

 subterranean kivas, probably an outlook for observation of the sun 

 and ceremonies connected with the sky god. In June, 1923, the chief 

 visited various localities in the neighborhood of Deming, southern 

 New Mexico, for the purpose of examining and obtaining speci- 

 mens of a beautiful form of prehistoric Indian pottery which had 

 been discovered in that region. The remarkable pictures on this 

 pottery throw considerable light on the ethnology of an ancient 

 people of whom we would otherwise have practically no knowledge. 



Dr. John R. Swanton completed three manuscripts for publica- 

 tion during the year, besides carrying on important linguistic and 



