304 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1923 



his growth has been much more rapid than before. On September 

 1, 1918, he weighed 85 pounds, and in 1923 his weight was about 120 

 pounds. While still a young animal he was taught by his keepers 

 to take his formal meals seated at a table, and this he did daily up 

 to recently, much to the joy of the children who crowded about his 

 cage. Although still very good tempered, he has grown too power- 

 ful to be trusted with safety and his training has been discontinued. 

 "Soko" does all sorts of unexpected tricks and is a creature of 

 extreme moods. At times he is very grave and serious, and again, 

 especially if he has an appreciative audience, he is bubbling over 

 with the joy of life and spins round and round on his back and 

 shoulders or turns somersaults repeatedly. The chimpanzee is 

 found only in the forested areas of Central Africa, from the western 

 coast eastward to the region of the great lakes. A number of dif- 

 ferent forms are recognized by naturalists. 



OLD WOKLD MONKEYS 



With few exceptions the Old World monkeys are all exhibited in 

 the building known as the monkey house. The exceptions are hardy 

 species which seem unmindful of our coldest winter weather and 

 thrive in unheated outdoor cages, where they are provided of course 

 with snug and comfortable sleeping quarters. These " fresh-air " 

 monkeys include the Barbary ape {Simla sylwanus) of northern 

 Africa and Gibraltar; the rhesus monkey {Macaca rhesus), a social 

 species of northern India; the brown macaque {Macaca speciosa), of 

 Upper Burma and Cochin China, in which the tail is nearly obso- 

 lete; the Japanese monkey {Macaca fuscata), a long-furred, naked- 

 face, short-tailed species; and the chacma {Papio porcarius), a 

 South African baboon of large size and great strength. A full 

 grown male of this powerful baboon is said to be a match for a 

 leopard ; and as the animals usually live in troops, so great a num- 

 ber as 100 being sometimes associated in this manner, they at times 

 are responsible for great depredations to crops, and have been known 

 to kill lambs and other stock. 



In the monkey house and the annexed outdoor yards for summer 

 use are shown a variety of the Old World species. A number of 

 forms of macaques, related to those mentioned above, are usually 

 here. These include the bonnet monkey {Macaca sinica), a native 

 of southern India; the pig-tailed monkey {M. nemestrina) of the 

 Malay region; the Burmese macaque {M. andamanensis) ; the Moor 

 macaque {Cynopithecus maurus) from Celebes; and others. The 

 mangabeys, a tropical African group of long-tailed, forest-loving 

 monkeys, are represented by the sooty mangabey {Cercocebus fuli- 

 ginosus), an obscurely colored but very active species; the black 



