166 Atlantic Steam Navigation. 
Thus it appears that one steam ship of 1600 tons register will 
perform the work of eight sailing ships of 400 tons each register 
in the freight of goods only between New Orleans and Liverpool, 
at less expense by £3146 10s..per annum. ‘The petty expenses, 
such as reporting the ship at the custom-house, advertising, and - 
the like, will always be in favor of the steam ships; but in show- 
ing the relative working power of the two classes of ships, it is 
not necessary to enumerate trifles. It will however be apparent 
to every candid inquirer, that if a steam ship can not only be 
supported by carrying goods at. the same rate of freight as a 
sailing ship, but make a larger profit; that when the collateral ad- 
vantages of passengers, speed, and certainty of time, are taken 
into consideration, the ee in mist of the steam is stri- 
kingly obvious. 
_ Mercantile men will see, that ‘as the time occupied by a steam 
ship in performing a voyage is not half that of a sailing ship, the 
sea risk is diminished in the same proportion, and consequently 
the premium of insurance will not be more than half the amount 
charged upon sailing ships. 
The sooner the shipper can get his goods to market, the better 
for him ; and if he can do it in half the time by a steam ship, that 
would be required by a sailing ship, it follows, as an inevitable 
consequence, that one half the capital would carry on the same 
amount of business in-a steam ship, as would be required in sail- 
ing ships ; because, he could make two shipments or two importa- 
tions, or both, in a steam ship, when he could make but one ina 
sailing ship. ‘The whole commercial capital employed in foreign 
trade, upon the general introduction of ‘steam navigation, will be 
doubled in its powers of carrying on commerce, and twice the 
amount of business done upon the present capital, or the a 
business upon half the capital. 
If Thave succeeded in establishing the proposition with which 
I commenced, then we may give rein, and allow the imagination 
to reach forward afew years, when sailing ships will become as 
rare as steam ships are now, and when the ocean will be covered 
with paddle-wheels instead of canvass. 
Astronomers make the circumference of this earth 24, 000 miles: 
steam navigators make it only 12,000. .And although the breasts 
of men will still rage, and the sources of war remain, yet the na 
tions of a earth, will peewee, and a more subdued state of 
