16 Meteorological Observations made in 
the “ Copal,” the “ Anime,” the “ Dragon’s blood,” the mahoga- 
ny tree, the “ Guayacan.” Among plants, the Casalpenia Tpo- 
mea quamoclet, most of the Bignonias, Portlandias, the Van- 
Boakigssia alata and riparia, the Pontaderia, which forms the 
Bate 5 Cace0 and indigo are most limited as to elevation, nel 
ther of. which is cultivated with success at above 2,000 fee 
An attempt to raise indigo at Mindo (3,960 feet) completely failed. 
It would seem that a dry climate is most favorable to indigo, suc 
as is found in the valleys of Aragua near Valencia; while 
and moisture, as Humboldt observes, are peifticcalenia naam i 
cacao. Yet cacao cultivated on lands which are flooded 
the year, as is the case with the greater part raised in Gael 
is of inferior quality, scarcely producing in the market a dollat 
per ewt. That of Esmeraldas, on the contrary, where notwith- 
standing the moisture of the climate, the waters never settle on 
the sik is of equal or superior quality to that of the valley of 
Tuy. uear Caraccas. In Canigue, at an elevation of about 1,000 
feet, the trees are loaded with fruit in less than two years from 
the time of sowing the seed; while generally three years is the 
period at which they are sschawel to commence bearing. 
Coffee is abundantly raised from the level of the sea to elev® 
tions of 5,000 or 6,000 feet, or even higher in favorable situations 
There are Ee near the valley of Banos in Quito at ahem 
4s | 
Sante requires, according to Humboldt, a mean temperature 
of not less than 64°—60°, which would bring it to the elevatiol 
of Loxa. 
The sugar cane is cultivated in Colombia from the level of the 
sea to an elevation, which may appear extraordinary, of 7,865 feet 
in the valley of Banos at the foot of Tunguragua, of 8,500 in the 
valley of Chillo below Quito, and of nearly 9,000 feet near the 
town of Hambato. It must be observed, however, with res 
to the latter, that the vegas or nooks formed by the nae 
the river, where alone it is raised, are so sheltered as to produce — 
almost an. artificial temperature. A palm tree brought young 
from Guayaquil flourishes there, and “ Aguacates,” (the fruit 
Laurus persea) ripen perfectly, with oranges, limes, and othet 
i 
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