Natural History of Volcanos and Earthquakes. 61 
versa, veins of very dissimilar local origin may issue very near 
one another. Nothing is therefore easier to conceive, than that 
any stratum in which the materials requisite for the forma- 
tion of sulphureous springs at present, may be traversed by 
Springs arising from very various depths, and therefore possess- 
ing very unusual temperatures, which circumstance would give 
rise to springs of similar chemical composition, but dissimilar 
temperature. 
Forbes* remarks that the hot springs at Baden-Baden, on the 
border of the Schwarlzwald, have a position almost identical 
With that which we have so invariably remarked in the Pyre- 
nées. They occur just where the slate rocks have been violently 
upraised by a curious granitoidal porphyry, which forms the pic- 
turesque elevations near the Alte Schloss, and which passes 
formably. The elevation is among the older of M. Elie de 
Beaumont’s systems: he expressly states that the Gres bigarré 
is undisturbed. 
Relative to the thermal springs in the Pennine Alps, Bake- 
Wellt remarks, that, according to his observations, the exits of all 
of them lie partly in the primitive mountains of the central chain 
self; partly, and indeed most frequently, at their extremities, at 
the boundary between the primitive mountains and the second- 
ary formations. 
According to the beautiful investigations of De Beaumont, two 
different systems are to be distinguished in the Alps, viz., that 
of the Western Alps, and that of the principal chain from the 
Valais to Austria, Mont Blanc lies at the point of intersection 
of these two systems, which here meet at an angle of 45°-50° ; 
also Leuk. The period of elevation of these two systems falls 
Somewhat late. That of the strata belonging to the first system 
took place after the deposition of the newest tertiary formations 
of these regions, and that of the strata belonging to the second 
‘ystem between the deposition of the earlier diluvium (des iiltes- 
fen aufeeschwemmten Landes) and the flowing of the diluvial 
Streams, and at the time of the transport of the erratic Alpine 
Tocks 
The most favorable conditions for the origin of thermal - 
Springs evidently exist when the upraising, caused by the masses 
ee ee ee 
*L.c., p. 609. t Philos, Magazine, January, 1828, p. 14. 
