84 Mountains in New York. 
But in order not to occupy too much of your space, I will 
merely here remark, that Professor Bischof appears (at least in 
the portion of his memoir yet published) to pass over without 
any attempt at explanation, certain chemical phenomena of con- 
stant occurrence, which follow directly from the principles of the 
theory to which he has objected. 
These are, Ist, The evolution of sulphuretted hydrogen, in 
quantities far exceeding what are to be explained by the reac- 
tion of carbonaceous matter upon sulphates, or any of those 
other processes which sometimes produce it on the surface of 
the earth. : 
2dly, The disengagement of sal-ammoniac, for although one 
of the constituents of this compound, the muriatic acid, might 
arise from the decomposition of sea-salt by aqueous vapor, the 
other one, the ammonia, implies the presence of free hydrogen as 
well as of nitrogen gas, near the focus of the volcanic action. 
3dly, The circumstance, which I have substantiated in s0 
many cases, that I begin to believe it almost universally true, 
that the atmospheric air exhaled from volcanos, and indeed gene- 
rally from the interior of the earth, is deprived in a greater or less 
degree of its proper proportion of oxygen. That processes, there- 
fore, by which this principle is abstracted, are going on exten- 
sively within the globe cannot be denied, and hence I conceive 
that any theory, which attempts to account for voleanic action, 
without taking notice of so essential a phenomenon, ought to be 
regarded as imperfect and unsatisfactory. 
Art. VI.—Mountains in New York; by E. F. Jounson, Civil 
ngineer. 
In a report recently made, by the author of this article, of @ 
survey of a route for the proposed Ogdensburgh and Champlain 
railway, the elevations above tide of the highest of each of the 
three distinct groups of mountains divided by the valleys of the 
Saranac and Au Sable rivers, are — as follows: 
Lyon Mountain, - - - - - - 3,864 feet. 
Whiteface do. - - - - - - = 4,666 “ 
Mit. Marcy; iecssf2+ en ele ee ATS 
To this statement of elevations, the following note was appended: 
