Prof. Struder on Bowlders. 327 
blocks, whose interstices were entirely filled up with smaller 
gravel and sand, which also occurred independently, in great 
masses, as well over as underneath and along side the accumula- 
tion of blocks. This chain of hills is manifestly the last remains 
of amuch more general overspreading of detritus, which 
been torn to pieces and carried away by later water-courses. A 
glazier-mound (Gletscher-Gandecke) it is not, as I at first suppos- 
ed, on becoming acquainted with the new veins, and Hr. v. Char- 
pentier himself is the person who corrected my mistake; as just 
atthe time of our visit to the diggings, clear traces were brought 
to light of orderly arrangement and a quiet subsidence from wa- 
ter. In the mean while, the difficulty, in which the masses of 
smaller rubbish place us, will be no reason in geology, which has 
grown hardened against difficulties of this kind, for rejecting the 
Whole theory of diluvial currents, in favor of which there are so 
Many other facts. Indeed we have only to suppose the original 
lakes to have been some hundred feet larger in extent than at 
Present, and then we have surrounding our lakes considerable 
Plains and broad valley flats, which the eye at once perceives 
arose from the emptying of earlier, much more extended lake 
basins, and which have in fact received very large quantities of 
that rubbish. 
The ingenious theory Hr. Venrrz has constructed, on the 
Phenomenon of bowlders, and which Hr. v. Caarrentrer has 
heen able with so much acuteness to bring into consistency with 
the more recent geological views, builds for the blocks a bridge 
of ice over the Swiss lowland and the abysses of her lakes and 
has them sledded down by the advancing glacier, in rows (tra- 
§en in Guferlinien) to its outermost limit, where they heap up 
IN ice-piles or glacier-walls. The glaciers, hitherto blocked up 
°n the back central chain, broke out from all the slope vallies 
‘pon lower Switzerland, for the most part overspread it, and then 
Mounted to a considerable height up the Jura. The rubbing of 
ice occasioned the jags and erosions often visible to a great 
height on the rocky walls of our slope vallies and which have 
therto been regarded as evidence of the ancient water-courses. 
And in order to support the assumption of so great a cooling of 
the climate, a general elevation and distension of the whole Al- 
Pine region and its contiguous parts is presumed to such a height 
88 to sink the mean annual temperature of the lowland down to 
