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OUTLINES OF BOTANY. XXXV 
es inner one, called the Corolla, more conspicuous, sa Pap ptucd coloured. 
s the e perianth, and especially the corolla, as the most showy part, that 
i generally called the flower in popular lan nguage. 
5 it, consisting of the pistil or its lower portion, which per- 
sists or semen attached to the one after the remainder of the flower 
i and fallen off. It enl a 
to discha wi 
opular language the term fruit is often iihited, to such 
we! -ves sels be are or look juicy and eatable. Botanists give that name 
be seed-vessels. 
The narbadsats perennial resembles the annual during the first year 
of ‘tt growth; but it also tne = shee ei the close of the season), 
on its stock (the portion of the and r ich does not die), one or 
more buds, either exposed, seal pee ew alae called eyes, or concealed 
among leaves. These buds, called leaf-buds, to distinguish them from 
flower- ees or unopened flowers, are future branches as yet bracken 
they remain dormant through the pie ote the following spring 
out into an stems bearing leaves and 8 like those of the pbesaaie 
year, w whilst the lower part of the stock pti “dont * roots to replace those 
which had perished at the same time as the ste 
17. Shrubs and trees form similar leaf-buds ther at the extremity of 
their Panther or along the branches of a year. In the latter case these 
ae are usually axillary, that is, they appear in the ail of each leaf, 
. in the angle formed by the leaf ad the branch. When they appear 
ae’ any other part of the pla nt they are called adventitious. If these buds 
by producing roots (19) become distinct plants before se alg from the 
parent, or if adventitious leaf-buds are produced in the place of flowers 
or seeds, the plant is said to be viviparous or proliferous. 
§ 2. The Root. 
Roots ordinarily produce neither buds, leaves, nor flowers. Their 
tad soy called fibres, hen slender and long, proceed irregularly from 
any part ‘of their surfac 
19, Although roots chats usually from the base of the stem or stock, 
they may = os gp ote the base of a any bud, ey i f the 
ye sna alon e ground, is otherwise siaees by in 
hg favourable for yf development, or in yee ar 
raaieer seabed y part of the plant They are then often distinguished 
as amine s, ig this term is by some seas to all roots which are 
not in prolongation of the original radicle. 
0. Roots ar 
fibrous, when they consist chiefly of slender fibres. 
tuberous, when either the main root or its branches are thickened into 
one or more short fleshy or woody masses called tubers (25). 
taproots, when the main root descends s perpendicularly into the earth, 
sone only very small fibrous branches 
. The stock of a herbaceous peronnial, o or the lower part of the stem 
fy an annual or perennial, or the lowest branches of a plant, are sometimes 
underground and assume the appearance of a root. They then Bag the 
