OUTLINES OF BOTANY. X LI 
the two pi Are used in the same sense, some preferring the one and 
some the o 
Pde, ike the end is peg off squa 
retuse, when very obtuse or truncate, int slightly indented. 
ema rginate or notched, Be more decidedly indented at the end of 
the midrib; obcordate, i ‘at the same time approaching the shape of a 
eart with its poi nwards. 
purench joie i when the midrib is produced beyond the apex in the form 
of a _ poi 
state, eae the point is fine like a hair 
48. "The i of “= leaf is ene to the same variations a ec as the 
pra but the terms more commonly used are tapering o owed for 
cute and iets pe uaiel for cites. and cordate for ivasitate: 
all cases the petiole or Spee of attachment scene any such absolute 
termination at the bas at the 
49. A leaf may be Eats at the bene Stalin be its length or breadth, 
r whatever the shape of the two lateral lobes, called awrieles (or little 
peer formed by the indenture or ee: ut the term cordiform or heart- 
shaped leaf is restricted to an oya and acute leaf, cordate at the base, 
with rounded auricles. The word “nuncles is more particularly used as 
applied to sessile and stem-clasping lea 
50. If the auricles are pointed, the leaf i is more Ty et called auri- 
culate; it is moreover said to be sagittate, when the points are directed 
downwards, compared is an arrow- Fest hastate, when the points diverge 
horizontally, compared to a halber 
eniform rend is "bepadee ae ria page At fepyane! cordate 
red t 
at ‘te tose with rounded auricles, co 
. In a peltate le sat, the stalk, prereay pipe roc mae fro om the hail 
etue of the blade, is attached to the under sae tars e, usually near the low 
edge, but sometim the very centre of the blade. The "paltate leaf 
has usually several patricia nerves radiating from the aes of attachment, 
being, in fact, a cordate ome with the auricles uni 
53. All these modifications of division and form in the leaf es sO 
gradually one into the eatick that it is prea difficult to say which t 
is the most applicable—whether the leaf be toothed or lobed, divided or or 
compound, oblong or lanceolate, obtuse or acute, etc. The choi of the 
most wel oo will as om on the skill of the describer 
54. es, when solid, Stems, Fruits og — and other parts of 
plants, cs not flattened like ordinary leay 
setaceous or apa when very conan Tike ‘buiadlos or hairs 
acicular, when very slender, but stiff and pointed like needles. 
subulate, when rather thicker and firmer like awls 
linear, when at — —. oe long as thick; oblong, when from 
about two to about fou as long as thick, the terms having the 
same sense as when sear re flat su urfaces. 
ovoid, when egg- shaped, with the broad end downwards; obovoid, if 
the broad end is upwards: these terms corresponding to ovate and obovate 
shapes in flat surfaces. 
globular or echeneal. when corresponding to orbicular in a flat sur- 
wane Round applies to 
urbinate, ta when shaped hes a 
peer when ring sake obconica when tapering downwards 
if in both cases a oe section show circle, 
