OUTLINES OF BOTANY, XLII 
. Somet times, however, ger or all the leaves of the plant are reduced 
to smal scales, in which ca ene do not appear to perform any particular 
functio The n name of con s also given to any small broad scale-like 
appendages or reduced paar iprorngetont in the flower or any other part 
of — 
0. Bracts 5 (Bracteae) are the epee leaves of a plant in flower (either 
all. thoes of the flowering branches, or only one or two immediately under 
the flower), a. ‘different from the naan Hara in size, —_ colour, or 
arrangemen ey are generally much smaller and more sessile. They 
often Seas of the colour of the fein e although they v ve roiiuxttiy 
also retain the green colour of the leaves. When small they are often 
called scales 
61. Flor a leaves or iad bracts are Sevres the lower bracts or the 
upper leaves at the base of the flowering branches, intermediate in size, 
shape, or arrangement, Shetweed: the stem-leaves and the upper dies acts. 
62. Bracteoles are the one or two last bracts under each flow when 
they differ materially in size, shape, or arrangement from the Shier keh 
63. Stipules are leaf-like or scale-like appendages at the base of the 
leaf- pine or on the node of the stem. When present thes are generally 
two, one on each side of the leaf, and they Poe ae appear to protect 
eae Sig 5 ree before it is developed. They are, however, exceedingly 
riable and app ance, sometimes e aranty i like the true leaves 
except ie t they have ‘no buds in their axils, or looking like the soit 
mpound =e Aixamsinygic: apparently the only leaves of the plan 
Soul small a Ww, sometimes reduced to minute scales, lame 
i t 
and forming a ring or sheath round the stem e the axil of the leaf. In 
a great number of plants a are kepaas wanting. 
64. Stipellae, or secondary stipules, are similar pe goa ‘ sgintaswnde found 
on compound leaves at the ae whee the oe - are inserted, 
65. When scales, bracts, or stipules, or almost any part = the plant 
besides leaves and flowers, are stalked, they are vad to be stipitate, from 
stipes, a stalk. 
§ 7. Inflorescence and its Bracts. 
The Inflorescence of a plant is the ky secon of the alias 
branches, and of the flowers upon t them. An Inflorescence is a flowering 
branch, or the flowering summit of a nae above the last seca Walon 
with its branches, bracts, and flowers. 
67. A single flower, or an inflorescence, is terminal when at the summit 
of a stem or leafy brane reponssid when in the axil of a stem-leaf, leaf- 
reesei i when opposite stem-leaf. The oy: age = a plant is said 
o be terminal or sentria when the main s and principal branches 
oe in a flower or inflorescence (not in a leaf- bud), Penlain y or indeterminate 
when all the flowers or inflorescences are ax illary, the stem or branches 
— in leaf-buds. 
A Peduncle is the stalk of a solitary flower, or of an inflor 
sod is to say, the portion of the a8 mg branch from the last ven teat 
to the flower, or to the first ramifica of the inflorescence, or even 
to its last ramifications; but the et extending from the first to the 
