LIV OUTLINES OF BOTANY, 
oo ylotropous or eres when the chalaza still coinciding with the 
base of the ovule, bie of the oe is curved, bringing the foramen 
raed more or less t nite that 
anatropous or ‘evoierieck when the chalaza is at the apex of the ovule, 
and the nese next to its base, the axis remaining straight. In this, 
one of the most frequent forms of the vie = songs - connected 
> € : 
ovule, and bec oe Sea or less indorpountod on its aie. as the 
sd enlarges into 
suelioliinciteens or “half “inverted, when the ovule being as it were at- 
— laterally, the aza and foramen at opposite ends of its straight 
urved axis are aoe aie distant from the base or point of 
diene 
§ 12. The Receptacle and Relative Attachment of the Floral Whorls. 
135. The saa or torus is the extremity of the apie nine 
It 
the calyx), upon which the cor ew stamens, rp ovary are in 
is sometimes litte So than a mere point or minute ‘Saabdteoek ee it 
is often also r less aongated, Prickeried: or otherwise enlarged. It 
must not be iianends with the receptacle of inflorescence (74). 
136. A Disk, or disc, is a circular enlargement of the receptacle, usually 
a cup "(eupular), of a flat disk or quoit, or o i 
(pulvinate). It is either immediately at the base of the o wit e 
a - 
mens or both on its margin, or is quite i the again oat the recep- 
tacle, with the Sh Se arranged in a ring round it it. 
137. The disk may be se or toothed or lobed, or "dieided into a 
= eee of parts, me to or twice that of the stamens or carpels. 
sore d gion parts of the ik are quite separate and short, they are often 
¢ 
138 Mesahias; are either the disk, or small deformed A sored or cp 
tive stamens, or appendages at the base of petals or 
small bodies i 
ovaries. They were i supposed to supply bees with their 
honey, and the term is frequently :: be met with in the older Floras, 
but is now deservedly going out of u 
139. When the disk bears the pebele 4 and stamens, it is ce, waa adhe- 
rent to, and apparently forms part of, the tube of the alyx, or it is 
adherent to, and appa rently forms part. of, the ovary, or oe both calyx- 
tube and ovary. ce the three following important distinctions in the 
relative insertion of ‘the floral whorls. 
140. Petals or, as it is feeqticntty expressed, flowers 
hypogynous us (i. e. under the ovary), when they or the aise that bears 
them are aie free both from the calyx and ovary. The is then 
deseri ree or superior, the calyx as free or in erior , He etals as 
being inserted on the rece = 2. 2 mf Z 
perigynous (i. e. round the ovary), when the disk bearing the petals 
free from the ovary, but is more or less combined with the base 
seri 
ary lying in the bottom; the cal 
and the petals are described as ees ak pyr be free « or inferior, 
