Sanicula.] UMBELLIFERAE. 143 
1. HYDROCOTYLE, L. 
Flowers in simple heads, umbels or whorls. Petals ea generally 
valvate in the bud. Fruit laterally compressed, orbicular, or broader 
than long; the carpels flat, placed edge to edge, with 1 or 9 “peanaatde 
ribs on each side and without prominent calycine teeth. No oil-tubes. 
usually prostrate and creeping or aquatic. Leaves seldom 
aad, avaalty peltate or cordate. 
bout 70 species, spread over the whole 2 but chiefly the abe hemisphere. 
The genus has been placed among Araliaceae b mt of the valvate 
aestivation of the petals. 
1. H. verticillata, Thunberg, Diss. II. 415, tab. 3. — Stem slender, 
creeping, rooting at every joint. Leaves orbicular, agi ‘ in diameter, 
crenate, 1l-nerved, glabrous, peltate, on petioles of 3— Pedunel 
about as long as the leaves, bearing 2 to 4 interrupted or aig niara 92 
umbel-like whorls of flowers in its upper portion, each whorl with an 
involucre of 3—5 short (#/4”) ovate bracts, the pedicels 1'/2‘’ long. 8 
white, half the length of the ovary or more, acute, valvate. Fruit orbi- 
cular, = 1 (or 2) prominent ribs on each side of the carpels, 1—1'/2’ 
in diameter. — H. interrupta, Muehlenb. — Hook. & Arn. in Bot. Beech. 
p. 84. ae Be U. S. E. E. p. 692 
Common in ponds and along geaveayren A widely spread species, extending over 
. North America and the W. pidien Japan, Australia and the Cape of Good Ho 
Asiatica, L., has also been noticed. ce late, ee ge by not peltate, reniform 
leaves and a s single umbel or head with only 3 or 4 
2. SANICULA, L. 
Flowers polygamo-monoecious. Calyx-teeth herbaceous, persistent. Pe- 
tals slightly imbricate, their long points bent inwards and therefore 
apparently emarginate. Disk flat. Styles filiform. Fruit globular, the 
1s not separating spontaneously, ribless, irae covered ae ooked 
prickles, each with 5 oil-tubes. Seed almost terete. — Perennial Anes 
With palmately lobed or dissected leaves, see from the nv on long 
petioles. Umbels irregularly compound, the flowers capitate in the 
a Involucre and involucels few-leaved. 
About 12 species, 9 of them North-American (7 Californian), 1 European, 1 belonging 
to the ib nd 1 to the ewan Islands. 
1. S. Sandwicensis, Gray, Bot. U. S. E. Exp. p. 705, pl. 88. — Root fusi- 
form, perpendicular, 6—10/ long. Stem 10—18‘ high. Leaves glabrous, 
rounded in outline, those from the base 2—4‘ in diameter, palmately 3—5- 
stem- or branch-leaves sessile and passing into the two-leaved involucre. 
Umbels irregularly twice or thrice compound, the 3—5 rays unequal, 
