190 © COMPUSITAE. 
into fine tails (caudate anthers). Ovary inferior, with a single erect ovule. 
Style filiform, usually divided at the top into two short stigmatic branches. 
Fruit a small dry nut or achene, crowned by the pappus or naked. Al 
bumen none. Embryo erect, with a short inferior radicle. — Herbs or 
shrubs, rarely trees, with alternate or opposite leaves, without stipules. 
The most extensive Order among flowering plants, comprising about 10000 species, and 
spread over all parts of the globe. E 
Of the 81 species described in the following hittye 61 are endemic, and of these 45, 
or, if we include Lipochaeta, which has only one other representative in the Galopagos 
Islands, 56 are distributed between 9 endemic genera. Of these genera one, Tetramolopium, 
stan ds purse cheagorme the small Australian genus Vittadinia and t much larger 
id 
s a 
American Erigeron; the other 8 are all of decidedly American affinities. Two of them, 
Lipoehaeta and per ylotheca, so closely resemble American ¢ that s their 
species have heen ag ace to the Jatt ter _ by Pee os writers. Raillardia ae with it 
Didents already reced i , the FR pte 
Gray, of the Sierra Nevada but Argyroziphium, “Wilkesia, Hesperomannia = 
although belonging t ribes which only oceur on the American Continent, stand [a 
isolated, and pr bably "tat g to the vades, ”euhaais of our Falk ds — a supposition 
countenane y t ct that each holds no _ nh 2 cies. It is also wort f 
remark that all the species of the 6 last named genera are woody, shrubby or arborescent, 
and 
restricted to the higher regions. One Messen and two or three Raillardias 
trees. 
+h 
] ra nus, Lagenophora, 
which seg ramified from Australia northward b way of the Pacific islands the 
Andes of America, and four others to two ec genera, Senecio and Artemisia, which 
are distributed over the temperate regions of both Worlds. 
f 6 non-endemie species stg ilar caret the discovery 1, gage viscosum, 
is cosmopolitan in the tropics, e Aster, two Erigeron and one Gnaphalium, are 
American, stl vate or Gnaphativm ce, is of Old World origin, oe found in 
some yery rem 
The species introduced since ig er acne ia 14. 
Flower-heads at 
Eeaves ontiee OF iohih 3. ok es sw Oe Konto. 
Leaves bi- sng na vensanate : Se eens ; - DL. Franseria. 
Flo sipping 
Style of forts sige ei F shortly bidentate. : : : 27. Hesperomannia. 
Style of fe ers bifi 
Heads and i eideapiaeee all flowers tubular and herma- 
p 
Bracts at snveiuekus in one row, co 
Stem wu nelle ded ; saciens of stiff sop scales . : 21. Wilkesi 
em. bi ranching; pappus of plumose bristles ; 23; Radtaraia. 
Bracts of involnere in one row, free: 
Leaves opposite or ternate ee Re sag REY 2. Dubautia. 
Leaves alterna 
_Bracts of ounce imbricate in more than one ‘row: 
Leaves alternate 
22 
24. Senecio. 
1. Vernonia. 
Leaves o a, 
Pappus of 3—5 short pata each wee with a -_ 2. Adenostemma. 
Pappus of 5—10 chaffy b' - 3. Ageratu 
Pappus of 2—5 _ cond garetts wie ee Desi ae Bios pilosa. 
Heads discoid, heterogam 
Marginal flowers pr eam female but sterile. eae 26. Centaurea. 
‘flowers slender filiform, fema eae; fertile: 
Pappus of numerous cap ‘bristles 
Invol. bracts scarious, often poe sree woolly herbs. 9. Gnaphalium 
Sayel. trans herbaceous, 7. Erigeron. 
: OSS (compare also Tetramolop. conyevides), 
Pappus wanting . 25. Artemisia. 
