478 CYPERACEAE. [Cladium. 
the spreading, almost horizontal branches of axillary and terminal sub- 
erect panicles; the whole forming an elongate leafy thyrsus; the panicles 
numerous, 6-—10, and (inclusive of the long but partly ensheathed scabrous 
peduncles) 2—5‘ long and 1!/2—2‘ broad. Glumes ofa rich brown, 7—9, 
appressed, 1-nerved, all long-mucronate from a rather obtuse apex; the 
lowest 3 or 4 empty, ovate, small, the 2—4 next following fertile, lanceolate, 
3“ long, et striate on each side of the greenish median nerve; the 
beanie tabescent. Stamens 3. Style long exserted. Bristles 6, as 
long as the glume, their spinelets turned upward, Achene suborbicular, 
1“, complanate with thickish margins, pale straw-colored, minutely can- 
cellate, the conical beak ee narrow-pointed and nearly twice as long. — 
Beklr., in Linnaea, XXXVI, 641. — R. sclerioides, Hook. & Arn. 1. c. p. 99. 
In forests of the lower and middle zones on allislands. Not reported aes eee 
iiggene to Seeman, Fl. Vit. p. 317, Schoenus arundinaceus, Sol., in = Prod. 
, from New Caledonia, is a Rhynchospora closely allied to our specie 
8. CLADIUM, P. Browne. 
Spikelets terete, ovoid or oblong, 1- to 2-flowered, but the second floret 
mostly male. Glumes imbricate all round, the several empty ones gradually 
smaller toward the eng of the eolagn ae Hypogynous bristles or scales 
wanting. Stamens 3 or 2. Style 3- or 2-cleft, deciduous. Achene ovoid 
or Saebnie osseous, capped by the fleshy or spongy expansion of the 
base of the style. — Stems leafy. Leaves flat, not equitant. Spikelets 
glomerate in axillary and terminal compound umbel-like corymbs. 
small genus spread over all continents ts. 
1. C. leptostachyum, Nees d Meyen, in Linnaea, IX, 301, and in 
Rel. Meyen. p. 115 — Rhizome creeping and covered with short ovate 
scales. Stems 5—10 ft. high, me fistular, nodose, the upper internodes 
alternately channelled on opposite sides. Leaves erect, flat, long acuminate, 
equalling the stem and 2—4” broad below, the keel and margins closely 
serrulate with ascending spinelets. Spikelets 2’, slender ovoid- oblong 
and acute when in flower, subglobose when in fruit, chestnut-brown, 
clustered in heads of 3—6 on the numerous sahticibedlone raylets of 
corymbose panicles, each panicle 2—4’ long without the closely ensheathed 
compressed peduncle and nearly as broad at the top; the whole inflorescence 
thyrsoid with 6-8 panicles. Bracts linear or subulate from a broad base, 
shorter than their rays and raylets. Glumes 6 or 7, ovate, obtuse, com 
cave, 1-nerved, thin, pale yellowish-brown, the uppermost with a herma& 
phrodite | flower, the next with a staminate one, the lowest very small 
and round. Stamens 2. Style deeply 3-cleft, with 1, 2 or all the 
long conyolute branches generally again bifid. Achene ovoid, pointed, 
about 1, brown, capped by a thick fleshy expansion of the style-base, 
