Series I. CRYPTOGAMOUS OR ACO- 
TYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 
Plants bearing no real flowers, the reproduction carried on by means 
of minute granules called spores. 
Crass I. VASCULAR CRYPTOGAMS. 
Plants with distinct stem and leaves and mostly also roots, the cellular 
tissue supplied with closed fibro-vascular ducts, which after the first year 
idles or sporangia, which grow 
their axils, and develop pro- 
organs — archegonia and antheridia —, the latter with antherozoids which 
fertilize the ovulum of the archegonium, out of which now grows the 
spore- bearing plant called fern, clubmoss and so forth. 
Orper XCVI. FILICES. 
Spores of one kind. Sporangia at the back or margin of the leaves or 
fronds, originating from epidermoidal cells. Leaves circinnate in the bud 
(rolled up spirally). Prothallium green, expanded, developing above ground, 
carrying both archegonia and raised antheridia. 
SUBORDER I. “ 
Sporangia thick-walled, of several layers of cells, sessile, without an 
annulus, opening laterally by a vertical slit or by a pore at the apex, 
loosely collected into oblong naked sori or firmly joined tog 
ments in concrete masses, synangia. i 
= the base. The sporangia originate from a group of epidermoidal cells. 
en, 1. 
SUBORDER I. FILICES GENUINAE, OR FERNS PROPER. 
Sporangia (spore-cases or capsules) of a single layer of cells, opening 
by means of a more or less complete elastic ring or annulus, which con- 
