Morton’s Crania Americana. 363 
wonderfully, the destroying effects of ages, for these interments 
were made before the conquest, although at what period is un- 
known.” 
Dr. Morton states that the average internal capacity of the 
Caucasian or European head, isat least 90 cubic inches. In three 
adult ancient Peruvians, it is only 73. The mean capacity of 
the anterior chamber is about one half of that of the posterior, or 
25 to 47, while the mean facial angle is but 67 degrees. 
“Tt would,” he continues, “be natural to suppose, that a peo- 
ple with heads so small and badly formed, would oceupy the low- 
est place in the scale of human intelligence. Such, however, 
Was not the case”’ He considers it ascertained that “ civiliza- 
tion existed in Peru anterior to the advent of the Incas, and that 
those anciently civilized people constituted the identical nations 
whose extraordinary skulls are the subjects of our present in- 
quiry.” 
There is a discrepancy between this description of these skulls 
and the civilization ascribed to their possessors, which is unique 
in Dr. Morton’s work. In every other race, ancient and modern, 
the coincidence between superior cranial forms and superior men- 
tal qnalities, is conspicuous. On tarnitg to Mr. Phillips’s phreno- 
logical measurements, however, we find that the sean extent of 
the forehead in this skull, from the point A on one side, to the 
same point on the other, over B, or the “ inter-sphenoidal arch, 
over the perceptive organs,” (as ascertained by a graduated tape, ) 
is 6.37 inches; and the mean extent from A to A, over D, or the 
“inter-sphenoidal arch over the reflective organs,” is 6.12 inches. 
The mean of the same measurements of ‘“ 100 wnadtered crania — 
of adult aboriginal Americans,” of which many are ascertained 
to be males, are 6.7 and 6.87 inches; showing a superiority in 
the revion of the observing organs in the ancient race, and in 
that of the reflecting organs in the modern. This indicates a 
larger quantity of brain in the anterior lobe in the extinct race, 
than Dr. Morton’s description leads-us to infer. This subject ob- 
viously requires further elucidation. 
If these skulls had been compressed by art, we could have 
understood that certain portions of the brain might have been 
ouly displaced, but not destroyed. The spine, for instance, 
may be bent, as in hump-back, yet retain its functions ; and we 
might suppose the anterior lobe, in cases of compression, to be 
