18 . CARL FRIEDRICH PHILLIPP VON MARTIUS. 
general and he prosecuted all of them with enthusiastie devotion 
He studied zoology under Goldfuss, chemistry under Hildebrand 
philology under Harless, and philosophy under Mehmes and Vogel. 
He had as his fellow-student Theodore Nees von Esenbeck, the author 
of the ‘Genera Plantarum Flore Germanice,’ and together they 
prosecuted their studies at the house of the elder Von Esenbeck, at 
Wurzburg. i 
In 1814, he published his first work, * Plantarum Horti Academici 
Erlangensis Enumeratio,’ and at this time he was engaged in collecting 
the materials which, in 1817, he gave to the publie as a * Flora Cryp- 
togamica Erlangensis.' 
en Professor Schrank came to Erlangen to remove the herbarium 
of Schreber, which the Bavarian Academy purchased after his death, 
he made the acquaintance of Martius, and recommended him to come 
to Munich. Acting on this advice, he became a pupil of the Academy, 
and in 1816, he was appointed to an office in the Botanic Garden. 
Maximilian, king of Bavaria, was interested in botany, and in his 
visits to the Botanie Garden observed Martius acting as director for 
Schrank, whose age incapacitated him for the duties. He accordingly 
selected him, with Dr. Spix the zoologist, to join as savants the 
embassy that was to accompany the young Austrian Princess destined to 
be the Empress of Brazil. On the 10th of April, 1817, he embarked in 
an Austrian frigate at Trieste. The plan of the expedition was prepared 
by the Bavarian Academy, and they resolved to explore as much as 
possible of that almost unknown region. They first visited the pro- - 
vinces of Rio and St. Paul, and then reached Pernambuco and Bahia, | 
passing through the interior of the country, and enduring numberless 
difficulties, privations, and dangers. They made extensive collections | 
^ E E dil casi pi E 
MeL ir s LT T MMPEREM NEL Si Es COMMOTUS 
in the province of Ilheos, and soon quitted Bahia for a still more ex- 
years, a distance of more than 4000 miles, through an untrodden 
region, having been travelled over without any serious accident. "The: 
collections brought home and deposited in the Munich Museum 
amounted to 3500 species of animals and 6500 species of plants. 
The travellers hastened to draw up an account of their journeys, and 
to publish the vast amount of materials they had collected. Dr. Spix 
