Appendix II. 



REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF AMERICAN P:TH- 

 NOLOGY FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1900. 



Sir: I have the honor to tender the following report of operations conducted by 

 the Bureau of American Ethnology during the year ending June 30, 1900, in accord- 

 ance with the act of Congress making provision " for continuing researches relating 

 to the American Indians under the direction of the Smithsonian Institution," 

 approved March 3, 1899. 



The work of the year has ])een carried forward in accordance with a formal jilan 

 of operations submitted on May 13, 1899, and approved by the Secretary under date 

 of June 16, 1899. 



The field operations of the regular corps have extended into Arizona, California, 

 Culja, Indian Territory, Jamaica, Maine, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Nova 

 Scotia, Oklahoma, Ontario, and Wisconsin; wdiile operations have been conducted 

 by special agents in Alaska, Argentina, and Porto Rico. The office work has com- 

 prised the collection and preparation of material from most of the States and Terri- 

 tories, as well as from various other parts of the Western Hemisphere. 



As during previous years, the researches have been carried forward in accordance 

 with a scientific system developed largely in this Bureau. This system is outlined 

 in the classification adopted in previous reports and continued in the present one. 



FIELD RESEARCH AND EXPLORATION. 



The Director, aided by Mr. Frank Hamilton Gushing, spent the earlier months of 

 the fiscal year in an investigation of the middens and tumuli representing the work 

 of the aborigines in northeastern United States, especially in Maine. A considerable 

 number of both classes of accumulations were excavated, with instructive results. 

 Among the relics brought to light were many of customary types, together with a 

 smaller number of nuich significance in that they represent early stages of accultura- 

 tion through contact with Caucasian pioneers; and in addition to tlie aboriginal and 

 accultural artifacts, the explorers w'ere rewarded by finding the remains of a metallic 

 armor, of European make, in such associations as to throw light on the beginning of 

 warfare between red men and white. 



Later in the year the Director, accompanied by Prof. W. H. Holmes, of the United 

 States National jNIuseum, repaired to Cuba and Jamaica for the purpose of tracing 

 lines of cultural migration between the great continents of the Western Hemisphere. 

 The researches of the last two decades have shown clearly that the customs of the 

 aborigines in what is now southeastern United States were affected by extraneous 

 motives and devices; the phenomena have suggested imi^ortation of oljjects and 

 ideas belonging to what is commonly styled ' ' Caribbean art ' ' from South Ajnerica 

 by way of the Antilles; and it was thought desirable to seize the opportunity offered 

 by recent political changes for special studies in the Antillean islands. Although the 

 trip was a reconnaissance merely, it yielded useful data on which to base further 

 researches, including a small collection for the Museum. 



A noteworthy trip was made early in the fiscal year by Mr. F. W. Hodge, with a 

 party of volunteer assistants comprising Dr. Elliott Cones, of "Washington, Dr. George 

 Parker Wiuship, of Providence, and 3Ir. A. C. Vroman, of Pasadena. The journey 



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