484 



thp: restoration of extinct animals. 



B. Waterhouse Hawkins was placed in charge of the undertaking. As 

 it was not intended that these figures should l)e approac^hed closeh'^ 

 they were built on a gigantic scale and located on a small wooded islet 

 where they formed conspicuous features in the hmdscape. The size 

 of the figures ma}' })e inferred from the materials used in constructing 

 the Iguanodon, for these comprised four iron colunms 9 feet long and 

 7 inches in diameter, 600 bricks, 1,550 tiles, 38 l)arrels of cemcMit, and 

 90 ])arrels of broken stone, besides bar and hoop iron. But little 

 was known of the Dinosaurs at that time, and this dearth of informa- 

 tion. c(>u])led with the fact that ]\Ir. Hawkins was not deeply versed in 

 comparative anatomy, resulted in the making of some I'ather singular 

 animals. Megalosaurus (great lizard) and Iguanodon (Iguana-toothed) 

 were represented as huge lizards, walking on four massive lim])s, the 

 former with a head between that of a crocodile and a monitor, the 



Fig. 2. — Specimen of Ichthyos«iur found at Holzmuden, showing the impression of the 

 (lorsal and caudal fins and restoration based on this specimen. After Fraas. 



latter with one ver}' obviously patterned after that of an iguana, and 

 with the spike-like claw of the thumb placed on the tip of the nose. 

 Still we should not be too severe on Mr. Hawkins for, as we have seen, 

 Owen himself mistook the hip bones for the shoulder blade, and the 

 very boldness of the attempt and the scale on which it was carried out 

 deserve commendation. Granting even that these restorations were 

 very largely erroneous, the}' were the first to be brought conspicuously 

 before the public and served a good purpose in creating popular inter- 

 est in the stud}- of paleontology. 



The most recent restorations are those prepared by Mr. Charles R. 

 Knight under the direction of Prof. Henry F. Osborn for the Ameri- 

 can Museum of Natural History, New York, and a few made by Mr. 



