165 



This fine large species is very abundant in tlie 

 Dakota sandstone of Kansas, Nebraska, and 

 Minnesota, and Lesquereux differentiated three 

 varieties, integrifolia, svhiniegrifolia, and gran- 

 did entata. 



Order RANALES. 



FamUy MAGNOLIACEAE. 



Genus MAGNOLIA Linne. 



Magnolia speciosa Heer. 



Plate XL, figure 6. 



Magnolia speciosa lleer, Allg. schweiz. Gesell. gesammt. 

 Xaturwiss. Bern Neue Denskrhr., Band 23, p. 20, 

 pi. 6, fig. ]; pi. 9, fig. 2; pi. 10, fig. 1, 1869. 



Lesquereux, The Cretareous and Tertiary floras, p. 

 72, 1S74; The flora of the Pakota group, p. 202, pi. 

 (50, figs. 3, 4, 1892. 



Ilolliek, New York Acad. Sci. Trans., vol. 12, p. 234, 

 pi. 7, fig. 4, 1893; Torrey Bot. Club Bull., vol. 21, 

 p. GO, pi. 178, flg. 5, 1894; Geol. Soc. America Bull., 

 vol. 7, p. 13, 1895; Tlie Cretaceous flora of southern 

 New York and New England, p. C4, pi. 19, figs. 1-4, 

 190G. 



Knowlton, T'. S. Geol. Survey Twenty-first Ann. 

 Kept., pt. 7, p. 318, 1901. 



Smith , On the geology of the Coastal Plain of Alabama, 

 p. 348, 1894. 



Berry, Torrey Bot. Club Bull., vol. 31, p. 76, pi. 3, 

 fig. 10, 1904; vol. 32, p. 46, pi. 2, figs. 4, 5, 1905; 

 New Jersey Geol. Survey Bull. 3, p. 129, pi. 14, fig. 3, 

 1911; Torrey Bot. Club Bull., vol. 39, p. 395, 1912: 

 V. S. Geol. Survey Prof. Paper 112, p. 88, pi. IS, 

 figs. 3, 4, 1919. 

 Magnolia auriculata Newben'y, The flora of the Amboy 

 clays, p. 75 ipart"), pi. 41, fig. 13; pi. 58, fig. 10, 

 1896. 



Heer's description, pubhshed in 1869, is as 

 follows : 



M. foliis maximis, coriaceis, ovato-ellipticis, apice longe 

 attenuatis, valde acuminatis, basi in jietiohim validum 

 attenuatis, ner-\-o primario crasso, nervis secundariis 

 valde ciu'vatis, camptodromis. 



Tills species is somewhat variable in size. 

 The American material, which is somewhat 

 smaller than the type material from Moletein, 

 Moravia, ranges in length from 8.5 to 19 centi- 

 meters and in maximimi width from 4 to 7.5 

 centimeters. It is ovate-elliptical, with the 

 apex more or less protlucetl and the base de- 

 current. The midrib and petiole are stout. 

 The secondaries are well marked, campto- 

 drome; they number seven to nine pairs and 

 are subopposite, branching from the mitlrib at 



angles of about 45° and curving upward. The 

 texture is coriaceous. 



This species, which was described originally 

 from specimens collected in the Cenomanian of 

 Moravia, has a wide range in America. Typical 

 leaves occur in the Dakota sandstone. It is 

 present on Marthas Vineyard and Long Island 

 and in the Raritan and Magothj" formations of 

 New Jersey. It is present at Arthurs Bluff, 

 Tex., and was recorded by Knowlton from the 

 Woodbine at Rhamcy Hill, Denison, Tex. 



Magnolia lacoeana Lesquereux. 



Magnolia lacoeana Lesquereux, The flora of the Dakota 

 group, p. 201, pi. 60, fig. 1, 1892. 



Newlierry, The flora of the Amboy clays, p. 73, pi. 55, 

 figs. 1, 2, 1896. 



Hollick, The Cretaceous flora of southern New York 

 and New England, p. 65, pi. 17, fig. 2, 1906. 



Berry, Torrey Bot. Club Bull., vol. 37, p. 23, 1910; 

 New Jersey Geol. Survey Bull. 3, p. 134, pi. 16, 

 fig. 2, 1911; Maryland Geol. Survey, Upper Cre- 

 taceous, p. 832, pi. 70, figs. 1, 2, 1916; U. S. Geol. 

 Survey Prof. Paper 112, p. 91, pi. 17, fig. 9, 1919. 



Leaves broadly oval to almost orbicular, 

 obtuse or abruptly pointed above and rounded 

 to a somewhat cuneate base below, 10 to 12 

 centimeters in length by 8.5 to 9.5 centimeters 

 in maximum width. Midrib stout, somewhat 

 flexuous. Secondaries numerous, campto- 

 drome, rather stout, 10 to 12 pairs; they 

 branch from the midrib at acute angles, imme- 

 diately curving outward, formmg festoons near 

 the margin, which is somewhat undulate in 

 one specimen that Newberry referred to this 

 species. 



This species differs from its contemporaries, 

 especially in its nearly round outline. Les- 

 quereux finds a resemblance to Magnolia 

 ingle fiddi Heer, from Greenland, and it also 

 suggests some of the Arctic forms which have 

 been referred to Magnolia capellinn Heer. 



Although this species is reported from points 

 so widely separated as Marthas Vineyard and 

 Kansas, it is nowhere abimdant and is usually 

 poorly preserved, suggesting that the leaves 

 were readily macerated. It also occurs in the 

 Magothy formation of New Jersey and Mary- 

 land and the Tuscaloosa formation of Alabama. 

 The type locality was Ellsworth County, 

 Kans., and the range elsewhere of this species 

 would indicate that this locality was in the 

 true Dakota sandstone. 



