FLOEA OF THE CHEYENNE SANDSTONE OF KANSAS. 



211 



form and consist of about 22 .scales spirally 

 aiTanged, as compared witli about 30 in the 

 cones of the modern redwood. The axis is 

 stout and fusiform. The scales have a thin 

 rounded peduncle expanding distad into a 

 rhomboidal jjeltate tip only slightly wider than 

 high, with a wrinkled marginal face surround- 

 ing a central laterally elongated umbilicus. 

 Length of cone (maximum), 2.4 centimeters; 

 diameter (maximum), 1.8 centimeters. Aver- 

 age size somewhat smaller. Length of scale 

 (maximum), 8 millimeters; width, 6.5 milli- 

 meters; height, 4.5 millimeters. These cones 

 are remarkably like those of the existing red- 

 wood (Sequoia sempervirens) in every respect — 

 size of axis, shape of scales, etc. — except that 

 the scales are less numerous in the fossils and 

 the maximum size of the scales is about sLx- 

 sevenths that of the average redwood scale. 

 The average size of the fossil cones is from 

 two-thirds to five-sevenths that of the modern 

 cones. 



The condition of preservation of these cones 

 is a strong argument in favor of the eolian 

 character of the sandstone. All have the 

 scales somewhat shriveled and widely separ- 

 ated and are exactly comparable to thorouglily 

 dried redwood cones. They are exceedingly 

 abundant in the sandy phases of the Cheyenne 

 sandstone, as if they had been blown about by 

 winds and accumulated in hollows. I have not 

 encountered them m the clays, although the 

 clays contain specimens of the foliage. 



Whether or not Sequoia condita occurs at any 

 other horizons or localities is problematic and 

 can be determined only by the best of evidence, 

 for, as I have already stated, the foliage is 

 duplicated more or less closely by a variety of 

 inn-elated conifers. In particular the Upper 

 Cretaceous conifer known as Widdringtonites 

 subtilis, a form that I have not mentioned 

 above, has foliage very like the more slender 

 twigs of Sequoia condita, and in the absence of 

 cones I doubt if the two could ])e distinguished. 

 However, a single specimen of Widdringtonites 

 suhtilis found in the Tuscaloosa formation of 

 Alabama had small four-valved cones entirely 

 unlike those of Sequoia condita. 



The Cheyenne sandstone localities are as 

 follows: Cones and foliage, black hills near 

 Belvidere (773); 1^ miles northwest of Belvi- 

 dere (2218); Champion (Wildcat) Draw, three- 

 fourths mile south of Belvidere (2222) ; near 



Medicine Lodge Creek, 2 miles west of Belvi- 

 dere (2224) ; left bank of middle branch of 

 Champion (Wildcat) Draw, half a mile south of 

 Belvidere (2224) ; right bank of same draw 

 (2231); Osage Rock, near Belvidere (740G). 

 Foliage only, Stokes Hill, 100 yards south of 

 National Corral (2219); ''Lanphier shales'' in 

 Champion (Wildcat) Draw, three-fourths mile 

 south of Belvidere (2223); ''Lanphier shales" 

 in a draw 1 mile southwest of Belvidere (2225) ; 

 hills between Spring Creek and Soldier, 4 miles 

 northeast of Belvidere (2227) : Champion (Wild- 

 cat) Draw, right (east) branch, half a mile 

 south of Belvidere, in "Lanpliier shales" 

 (2228) ; first draw west of Champion (Wildcat) 

 Draw, half a mile south of Belvidere (2233) . 



FamUy ABEETINEACEAE. 



Genus ABIETITES Hisinger. 



Abietites longifolius (Fontaine) Berry. 



Plate XLVII, figure 3. 



Abietites longifolius ( Fontaine) Bern,-, U. S. Nat. Mub. 

 Proc, vol. 40, p. 315, 19] 1; Maryland Geol. Sur- 

 vey, Lower Cretaceous, p. 407, pi. 67, fig. 7, 1911. 



Leploslrohus longifolius Fontaine, U. S. Geol. Sun'ey 

 Mon. 15, p. 228, pi. 101, fig. 2; pi. 102, figs. 1-4; pi. 

 103, figs. 6-12; pi. 104, fig. 6, 1890; in Ward, U. S. 

 Geol. Survey Nineteenth Ann. Rept., pt. 2, p. 671, 

 pi. 163, fig. 15; pi. 165, fig. 3, 1899; U. S. Geol. 

 Sun'ey Mon. 48, pp. 281, 481, 482, 491, 506, 528, 557, 

 pi. 110, fig. 11, pi. 116, fig. 1, 1900. 



Leaves narrow, needlelike, 10 to 15 centime- 

 ters in length, aggregated in bundles. Bundles 

 apparently borne on short shoots, with many 

 leaves in each bundle. No satisfactory vena- 

 tion can be made out. Fontaine described a 

 number of veins in these forms, but as nearly 

 as can be determined these are simpl\' folds 

 due to compression or the angles of the leaf. 



This species has a considerable geologic as 

 well as geographic range, having been recorded 

 from the Kootenai formation of British Co- 

 lumbia, the Fuson formation of the Black 

 Hills, and the Potomac group in Maryland and 

 Virginia. In the Potomac group it is of fre- 

 quent occurrence and individually abundant, 

 being found in the oldest as well as the young- 

 est beds, but much more commonly in the lat- 

 ter. The remains are always poorly preserved 

 and were evidently much macerated before 

 fossilization. They are closely comparable 

 with Pinitts solnisi Seward, of the Wealden, 

 and with Pinus peterseni Heer, from the Kome 



